Plantation Slavery in Barbados

Handler, Jerome S.; Lange, Frederick W.

doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674332362

Cited by 211 publications

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“…If perhaps nine of 96 slaves in the Newton Plantation series suffered from congenital syphilis, we can attribute much of the high infant mortality in this population (Handler and Lange, 1978) to this disease as well. Under the far better health care conditions that the U.S. general population enjoyed during the first one-half of the twentieth cmtwy, the infant rnctrtdity rate in congenital syphilis was 2560% (Moore, 1941).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The demography of the Newton Plantation collection has been presented in earlier studies (Corruccini et al, , 1989Handler and Lange, 1978). Although it is difficult to make demographic or epidemiologic inferences from three cases of congenital syphilis, it may be surprising that we have no cases in children under age 5 years.…”

Section: Frequency At Birthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This incomplete dentition was recovered in three field units in the most disturbed and commingled area of the cemetery: NP 50 and NP 57, isolated maxilla fragments; and NP 53, the disturbed partial skeleton of an adolescent female (Handler and Lange, 1978). We have combined these units because they represent a single individual.…”

Section: Description Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Newton Plantation collection consists of dentitions of about 104 individuals excavated in 1971-1973 by Handler and Lange (1978)' who describe -the living conditions and mortuary practices of slaves on Barbados during the late seventeenth through early nineteenth centuries. Age determination, demography, and dental health have been described elsewhere (Corruccini and Handler, 1980;Corruccini et al, 1982Corruccini et al, ,1985Corruccini et al, , 1987aCorruccini et al, ,b, 1989Handler et al, 1982Corruccini, 1983,1986).…”

Section: Description Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recognized that these three disturbed units were in fact one individual only because we saw the similarity in the pathological changes in the teeth. One-half of burials at Newton Plantation show significant disturbance (Handler and Lange, 1978); hence the true frequency might double in the most extreme, and rather unlikely, case.…”

Section: Frequency At Birthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Congenital syphilis in the past: Slaves at Newton Plantation, Barbados, West Indies

Jacobi

Cook

Corruccini

et al. 1992

American J Phys Anthropol

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Hutchinson's incisors and Moon's molars are specific lesions of congenital syphilis. The extensive but fragmentary clinical literature on these conditions describes reduced dimensions and thin enamel in the permanent incisors and first molars, crowding and infolding of the first molar cusps, notching of the upper incisors, and apical hypoplasias of the permanent canines. A Barbados slave cemetery (ca. 1660-1820 AD) includes three individuals with these features, suggesting a frequency at birth of congenital syphilis in the population approaching 10%. These three cases show triple the frequency of all hypoplasias and more than seven times the frequency of pitting hypoplasia present in the remainder of the series. The recognizable congenital syphilis cases account for much of the remarkably high frequency of hypoplasias in the series as a whole. We infer that syphilis contributed substantially to morbidity, infant mortality, and infertility in this population. Presence or absence of congenital syphilis may account for much of the variability in health and mortality seen among nineteenth century African-American populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Frequency At Birthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Description Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Description Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Frequency At Birthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Congenital syphilis in the past: Slaves at Newton Plantation, Barbados, West Indies

Jacobi

Cook

Corruccini

et al. 1992

American J Phys Anthropol

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Assessing the reliability of paleodemographic fertility estimators using simulated skeletal distributions

Paine

Harpending

1996

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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The reliability of published paleodemographic fertility reconstruction methods was assessed using simulated age-at-death distributions and a published cemetery series from a population with known birth rates. In the first test, the Brass ([1971] Biological Aspects of Demography, pp. 69-110) LOGIT models were used to generate 180 simulated skeletal samples of various sizes (N = 50, 100, 250) from hypothetical populations with known demographic rates. The base populations were expanding (r = 0.01), stationary, or declining (r = -0.01), yet all had the same life expectancy. Growth differences resulted from different fertility rates. The simulated skeletal series were then analyzed using the model life table fitting procedure outlined by Paine ([1989a] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 79:51-62), three commonly employed age ratio tests (Bocquet-Appel and Masset [1892] J. Hum. Evol. 11:321-333; Buikstra et al. [1986] Am. Antiquity 51:528-546), and one age-at-death ratio not previously published. In the second test the model life table fitting procedure was used to estimate fertility for a historical population, the Newton Plantation, Barbados (Corruccini et al. [1989] Am. Antiquity 54:609-614), with known demographic characteristics.

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African Americans

Morgan¹

2006

A Companion to Colonial America

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Plantation Slavery in Barbados

Cited by 211 publications

References 0 publications

Congenital syphilis in the past: Slaves at Newton Plantation, Barbados, West Indies

Congenital syphilis in the past: Slaves at Newton Plantation, Barbados, West Indies

Assessing the reliability of paleodemographic fertility estimators using simulated skeletal distributions

African Americans

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