Plant variety protection in developing countries. A report from the field

Tripp, Robert; Louwaars, N.P.; Eaton, Derek

doi:10.1016/j.foodpol.2006.09.003

Cited by 68 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This type of analysis has not been carried out in many of these countries because of inefficient time series data being available owing to the later stage at which developing countries joined the UPOV Convention. 12 Studies that have analysed changes in plant variety protection in developed countries include those done by Diez 16 , Srinivasan 17 and Pardey et al 4 These studies have analysed the trends and changes in plant variety protection policies; the effects of IPRs on plant breeding investment; production of new varieties; and market power or concentration, as well as varietal concentration ratios. Louwaars et al 18 and Tripp et al 12 conducted extensive studies on IPRs in five developing countries: China, Colombia, Kenya, Uganda and India.…”

Section: Research Methods and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This agreement created a technical space for the granting of rights for varieties as it identified the fundamental differences that occur within species. 12 Based on this agreement, the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) Convention developed the sui generis system in 1963 which enabled protection of new plant varieties. This form of varietal protection was referred to as 'plant breeders' rights'.…”

Section: History Of Plant Variety Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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role of plant breeders’ rights in an evolving peach and nectarine fresh fruit sector

Tsvakirai¹

2017

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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The evolving impact of plant breeders’ rights was investigated in a bid to provide a basis for understanding the complex relationship that exists between scientific, legislative and market matters that shape the peach and nectarine fresh fruit sector. The results show that there is complementarity among varietal legislation, deregularisation, international trade policies, market trends and research intensity. Plant varietal legislation is found to play a facilitative role in ensuring the growth in the sector which has evolved from merely facilitating access to better quality cultivars which were bred beyond South Africa’s borders, to the provision of good quality germplasm that aids in the breeding of locally bred varieties which better meet the production needs of local farmers. The results of the analysis show that strengthened varietal legislation has contributed significantly to cultivar development, reduced varietal concentration, increased resource (land) utilisation and increased export revenue generation and market penetration. The study warns of the negative effects that widening the scope of the Plant Breeders’ Rights Act would have on innovation and cultivar access by poor farmers. Because of the strong ties existing between innovation and R and D investment, the recommendation is for an increase in R and D investment in the local research institution.

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Section: Research Methods and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: History Of Plant Variety Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

role of plant breeders’ rights in an evolving peach and nectarine fresh fruit sector

Tsvakirai¹

2017

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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“…Even for downstream germplasm flows from breeders to farmers and among farmers, impacts have probably not been significant for small farmers to date (Tripp et al 2007). Indeed, the private sector accounted for about 20% of wheat varieties released in developing countries over the period, 1988-2002, with 50-80% of them having CIMMYT parentage.…”

Section: Trade-related Intellectual Property Rights (Trips)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop improvement in the CGIAR as a global success story of open access and international collaboration

Byerlee

Dubin²

2009

Int J Commons

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Abstract:International agricultural research has historically been an example par excellence of an open source approach to biological research. Beginning in the 1950s and especially in the 1960s, a looming global food crisis led to the development of a group of international agricultural research centers with a specific mandate to foster international exchange and crop improvement relevant to many countries. This formalization of a global biological commons in genetic resources was implemented through an elaborate system of international nurseries with a breeding hub, free sharing of germplasm, collaboration in information collection, the development of human resources, and an international collaborative network. This paper traces the history of the international wheat program with particular attention to how this truly open source system operated in practice and the impacts that it had on world poverty and hunger. The paper also highlights the challenges of maintaining and evolving such a system over the long term, both in terms of financing, as well the changing 'rules of the game' resulting from international agreements on intellectual property rights and biodiversity. Yet the open source approach is just as relevant today, as witnessed by the recent global food crisis and looming crop diseases problem of global significance.

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“…There are such problems in the field of agricultural intellectual properties, for example, there is a shortage of qualified operating staff, the relevant system and regulations are not fully developed, and some theories cannot be applied to practice [6]. Besides, agricultural intellectual property is slightly different with other innovation outcomes in operation due to its features, and the long profit recovery period also results in lack of motivation to transfer the outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study of Agricultural Intellectual Property and Intelligent Agriculture Development Strategies in China

Ren¹,

Song²,

Ge³

2017

JSSM

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Agriculture is the basic industry of our country, which plays an important role in the food security and social stability of China. As the implementation of China's strategy of innovation-driven development, the number of agricultural intellectual property application in China has been gradually increasing, the R & D ability of agricultural research has been improved. However, the work of agricultural technology transform has been not going well, lots of agricultural patents have been put on hold, which can't create economic value and social benefits. Thus this paper explores that what affect the performance of technology transformation, and how allocate the resource reasonably to improve the benefits of technology transformation. We collected data from the statistics of universities' technology, using the agricultural technology data to examine the relationship between funding input, researchers, technology transfer service people and some other resources and the performance, such as paper, patent and economic benefits. This paper concludes that the researchers and technology transfer service people play an important role in technology transformation, and different research types also lead to different outputs, which could give guidance for resource allocation and making policy.

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Plant variety protection in developing countries. A report from the field

Cited by 68 publications

References 13 publications

role of plant breeders’ rights in an evolving peach and nectarine fresh fruit sector

role of plant breeders’ rights in an evolving peach and nectarine fresh fruit sector

Crop improvement in the CGIAR as a global success story of open access and international collaboration

The Study of Agricultural Intellectual Property and Intelligent Agriculture Development Strategies in China

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