“…Under flooding conditions, the reduction in oxygen availability can induce a number of physiological imbalances that strongly impact key aspects of the growth, development, and survival of flooded species (Guo, Huang, Xu, & Zhang, 2011;Li et al, 2015). The susceptibility, extent of damage, and lifespan of flooded plants vary widely among species and depend on the ability to invoke a series of morpho-anatomical (production of lenticels, adventitious roots, and aerenchyma), biochemical (increased fermentative metabolism), and physiological (increased ethylene production) adjustments (Bailey-Serres & Colmer, 2014;Herrera, 2013;Voesenek & Bailey-Serres, 2015). Common effects of exposure to flooding stress, especially for sensitive species, include inhibition of root and shoot growth, leaf necrosis, bark damage, increased ROS production, and several other metabolic disorders (Ferner, Rennenberg, & Kreuzwieser, 2012;Gupta & Igamberdiev, 2016;Kreuzwieser & Rennenberg, 2014;Liu, Cheng, Xiao, Guo, & Wang, 2014;Steffens & Rasmussen, 2016;Voesenek & Bailey-Serres, 2015).…”