Plant Sources of Galanthamine: Phytochemical and Biotechnological Aspects

Berkov, Strahil; Georgieva, L.; Kondakova, V.; Atanassov, A.; Viladomat, Françesc; Bastida, Jaume; Codina, Carles

doi:10.1080/13102818.2009.10817633

Cited by 90 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Galanthamine is produced on a large scale from Bulgarian Leucojum aestivum [4] and also by chemical synthesis [5][6][7]. However, the synthesis is complicated and time consuming because galanthamine has three asymmetric carbons requiring stereochemically controlled synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of auxins on somatic embryogenesis and alkaloid accumulation in Leucojum aestivum callus

et al. 2013

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In vitro cultures of Leucojum aestivum are considered as an alternative for the production of galanthamine, which is used for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. We studied the effects of auxins 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram), 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba) at concentrations of 25 and 50 µM on the induction of embryogenic callus and its capacity to induce somatic embryogenesis and alkaloid accumulation. The embryogenic response of the explants was from 30% for 25 µM of dicamba to 100% for picloram (for both 25 and 50 µM). 2,4-D (50 µM) stimulated greater callus proliferation and somatic embryo induction as compared to the other auxins. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) stimulated somatic embryo maturation. Callus grown on media containing 50 µM of auxins produced fewer phenolic compounds as compared with callus grown on media containing 25 µM of auxins. GC-MS analyses showed seven alkaloids in the in vivo bulbs and two to four in callus culture. Galanthamine was detected in callus cultivated with 2,4-D (25, 50 µM), picloram (25 µM), and dicamba (50 µM). Other alkaloids, trisphaeridine, tazettine, and 11-hydroxyvittatine were accumulated only in callus growing on medium with picloram (50 µM).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the synthesis is complicated and time consuming because galanthamine has three asymmetric carbons requiring stereochemically controlled synthesis. The increasing demands of the pharmaceutical market as a result of an ageing population led to the importance of the supply of this alkaloid [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of auxins on somatic embryogenesis and alkaloid accumulation in Leucojum aestivum callus

et al. 2013

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“…1 The species is also known as a botanical source of galantamine, a clinically used medicine for the treatment of Alzheimer's diseases and various other memory impairments. 2 Actually, the bulbs of the species contains a lot of isoquinoline-based amine components, so called Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, which have been reported to possess a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-cancer, 3 anti-viral, 4 anti-acetylcholinesterase 5 and anti-inflammatory 6 activities. Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are produced almost by plants of galanthus genus 7 in Amaryllidaceae and are classified with three distinct scaffolds, lycorine (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)14), haemanthamine (1-2, 10, 15-18) and galanthamine (11)(12)(13) series, which are classified depending on the pattern of oxidative phenolic coupling.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are produced almost by plants of galanthus genus 7 in Amaryllidaceae and are classified with three distinct scaffolds, lycorine (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)14), haemanthamine (1-2, 10, 15-18) and galanthamine (11)(12)(13) series, which are classified depending on the pattern of oxidative phenolic coupling. For the purpose of searching for bioactive alkaloids from natural resources, extensive phytochemical investigation of the bulbs extract of L. radiata had undertaken and finally resulted in the isolation of a new amaryllidaceae alkaloid (1), together with seventeen related alkaloids (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). The chemical structures of isolated 1-18 ( Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

A New Amaryllidaceae Alkaloid from the Bulbs of Lycoris radiata

Lee¹,

Cha²,

Lee³

et al. 2014

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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“…After its discovery in Galanthus woronowii by Proskurina and co-authors in 1955 (Proskurina et al, 1955), the pharmacological properties of galanthamine soon attracted the attention of the pharmaceutical industry. It was first produced by Sopharma (Bulgaria) under the name of Nivalin® from G. nivalis in the early 1960s, but due to the small plant size and variability of galanthamine content, this species was soon replaced by other plant sources (Berkov et al, 2009b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%