Plant Responses to Arsenic Toxicity: Morphology and Physiology

Chandrakar, Vibhuti; Pandey, Neha; Keshavkant, S.

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1292-2_2

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…This observation corresponded with the up-regulation of GSH metabolism genes and may be interpreted as indirect evidence for the complexation of DMMTA by GSH as reported once before in Brassica oleracea . Complexes of DMMTA and GSH were also identified in human 8226/S multiple myeloma cell lines exposed to darinaparsin (dimethylarsino-GSH, DMA III -GS) and in vitro . Arsenite-treated roots expectedly , accumulated PC2 and PC3 (Figure C), while no PC accumulation above the background level was found in DMA- or DMMTA-treated roots.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…Exposure to each arsenic species for 24 h resulted in a curling of leaves specifically in DMMTA-treated plants, which was almost completely reversed after a 24 h recovery period in the control medium. Similar curling and rolling phenotypes of leaves represent a previously reported symptom of arsenic toxicity and are probably due to dehydration . After 4 days of recovery, leaf pigment concentrations were analyzed for all treatments (Figure ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Similar curling and rolling phenotypes of leaves represent a previously reported symptom of arsenic toxicity and are probably due to dehydration. 68 After 4 days of recovery, leaf pigment concentrations were analyzed for all treatments (Figure 6). Chlorophyll a and b content of arsenite-and DMA-exposed plants did not show differences from control conditions (Figure 6A).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dimethylmonothioarsenate Is Highly Toxic for Plants and Readily Translocated to Shoots

Pischke

Barozzi

Blanco

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Arsenic is one of the most relevant environmental pollutants and human health threats. Several arsenic species occur in soil pore waters. Recently, it was discovered that these include inorganic and organic thioarsenates. Among the latter, dimethylmonothioarsenate (DMMTA) is of particular concern because in mammalian cells, its toxicity was found to exceed even that of arsenite. We investigated DMMTA toxicity for plants in experiments with Arabidopsis thaliana and indeed observed stronger growth inhibition than with arsenite. DMMTA caused a specific, localized deformation of root epidermal cells. Toxicity mechanisms apparently differ from those of arsenite since no accumulation of reactive oxygen species was observed in DMMTA-exposed root tips. Also, there was no contribution of the phytochelatin pathway to the DMMTA detoxification as indicated by exposure experiments with respective mutants and thiol profiling. RNA-seq analysis found strong transcriptome changes dominated by stress-responsive genes. DMMTA was taken up more efficiently than the methylated oxyarsenate dimethylarsenate and highly mobile within plants as revealed by speciation analysis. Shoots showed clear indications of DMMTA toxicity such as anthocyanin accumulation and a decrease in chlorophyll and carotenoid levels. The toxicity and efficient translocation of DMMTA within plants raise important food safety issues.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 53%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dimethylmonothioarsenate Is Highly Toxic for Plants and Readily Translocated to Shoots

Pischke

Barozzi

Blanco

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…As(III) is sixty times more toxic and carcinogenic to humans than As(V) [134]. As(III) can bind with tissues for a longer period than As(V), which binds with specific groups of proteins that cause As(V) to act biologically against phosphate, distressing the production of ATP synthesis [135,136]. Long-term exposure to As damages the human cardiovascular, dermal, neurological, hepatic, respiratory, and reproductive systems (Fig.…”

Section: Arsenicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive review of the basic chemical behaviours, sources, processes, and endpoints of trace element contamination in paddy soil-rice systems in rice-growing countries

Ali

Mao

Zhang

et al. 2020

Journal of Hazardous Materials

158

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Rice is the leading staple food for more than half of the world's population, and approximately 160 million hectares of agricultural area worldwide are under rice cultivation. Therefore, it is essential to fulfil the global demand for rice while maintaining food safety. Rice acts as a sink for potentially toxic metals such as arsenic (As), selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and chromium (Cr) in paddy soil-rice systems due to the natural and anthropogenic sources of these metals that have developed in the last few decades. This review summarizes the sources and basic chemical behaviours of these trace elements in the soil system and their contamination status, uptake, translocation, and accumulation mechanisms in paddy soil-rice systems in major rice-growing countries. Several human health threats are significantly associated with these toxic and potentially toxic metals not only due to their presence in the environment (i.e., the soil, water, and air) but also due to the uptake and translocation of these metals via different transporters. Elevated concentrations of these metals are toxic to plants, animals, and even humans that consume them regularly, and the uniform deposition of metals causes a severe risk of bioaccumulation. Furthermore, the contamination of rice in the global rice trade makes this a critical problem of worldwide concern. Therefore, the global consumption of contaminated rice causes severe human health effects that require rapid action. Finally, this review also summarizes the available management/remediation measures and future research directions for addressing this critical issue.

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“…Plants are constantly exposed to metal stress. This has become the most serious environmental constraint that affects plant growth and development [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Among heavy metals, arsenic (As) is a dangerous contaminant with no known biological function in plants and has higher solubility in water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenously-Sourced Salicylic Acid Imparts Resilience towards Arsenic Stress by Modulating Photosynthesis, Antioxidant Potential and Arsenic Sequestration in Brassica napus Plants

et al. 2022

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In the current study, salicylic acid (SA) assesses the physiological and biochemical responses in overcoming the potential deleterious impacts of arsenic (As) on Brassica napus cultivar Neelam. The toxicity caused by As significantly reduced the observed growth and photosynthetic attributes and accelerated the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Plants subjected to As stress revealed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) reduction in the plant growth and photosynthetic parameters, which accounts for decreased carbon (C) and sulfur (S) assimilation. Foliar spray of SA lowered the oxidative burden in terms of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2•−), and lipid peroxidation in As-affected plants. Application of SA in two levels (250 and 500 mM) protected the Brassica napus cultivar from As stress by enhancing the antioxidant capacity of the plant by lowering oxidative stress. Among the two doses, 500 mM SA was most effective in mitigating the adverse effects of As on the Brassica napus cultivar. It was found that SA application to the Brassica napus cultivar alleviated the stress by lowering the accumulation of As in roots and leaves due to the participation of metal chelators like phytochelatins, enhancing the S-assimilatory pathway, carbohydrate metabolism, higher cell viability in roots, activity of ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco), and proline metabolism through the active participation of γ-glutamyl kinase (GK) and proline oxidase (PROX) enzyme. The current study shows that SA has the capability to enhance the growth and productivity of B. napus plants cultivated in agricultural soil polluted with As and perhaps other heavy metals.

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Plant Responses to Arsenic Toxicity: Morphology and Physiology

Cited by 28 publications

References 98 publications

Dimethylmonothioarsenate Is Highly Toxic for Plants and Readily Translocated to Shoots

Dimethylmonothioarsenate Is Highly Toxic for Plants and Readily Translocated to Shoots

Comprehensive review of the basic chemical behaviours, sources, processes, and endpoints of trace element contamination in paddy soil-rice systems in rice-growing countries

Exogenously-Sourced Salicylic Acid Imparts Resilience towards Arsenic Stress by Modulating Photosynthesis, Antioxidant Potential and Arsenic Sequestration in Brassica napus Plants

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