Plant Polyphenols Inhibit Benzoyl Peroxide-Induced Superoxide Anion Radical Production and Diacylglyceride Formation in Murine Peritoneal Macrophages

Abstract

Naturally occurring plant polyphenols, which include ellagic acid (EA), tannic acid (TA), caffeic acid (CA), and ferulic acid (FA), were tested for their superoxide anion radical (SOR)-scavenging activities. SOR were produced by interaction of the tumor promoter benzoyl peroxide (BPO) with murine peritoneal macrophages in vitro. The levels of SOR were assessed microscopically by counting the number of formazan-positive cells per 250 cells produced by the reduction of nitro blue tetrazolium. BPO at a concentration of 15 micrograms/1.85 x 10(6) cells/0.5 ml induced maximum formation of SOR in resident and thioglycollate-elicited cells. All the tested polyphenols were able to inhibit the formation of SOR induced by the tumor promoter to a variable degree. Inhibition of BPO-induced SOR formation by polyphenols was in the following order: FA > TA > CA > EA. BPO stimulated the accumulation of diacylglycerol (DAG) in resident and elicited macrophages with concurrent release of choline equivalents from macrophages. Polyphenols inhibited DAG accumulation, which paralleled the inhibition of choline equivalent release. FA was observed to be the most effective and EA the least effective inhibitor of SOR formation, DAG accumulation, and release of choline equivalents. It is likely that inhibition of SOR formation might be due to some interference in the cellular lipid metabolism and phospholipid equivalent deacylation and choline release.

Ferulic Acid Stabilizes a Solution of Vitamins C and E and Doubles its Photoprotection of Skin

“…It protected against iron-induced oxidative damage (Hynes and O'Coinceanainn, 2004). Ferulic acid scavenged hydroxyl radical (Ogiwara et al, 2002;Wenk et al, 2004), nitric oxide (Wenk et al, 2004), peroxynitrite (Pannala et al, 1998;Dinis et al, 2002), and superoxide radical (Kaul and Khanduja, 1999;Kikuzaki et al, 2002). It was antimutagenic (Yamada and Tomita, 1996;Ferguson et al, 2003), protected against menadione-induced oxidative DNA damage (Burdette et al, 2002) and demonstrated anticarcinogenic effects in animal Activation of caspase-3 and caspase-7 by solar-simulated irradiation and relative protection by antioxidant formulations.…”

Modulatory potential of ellagic acid, a natural plant polyphenol on altered lipid profile and lipid peroxidation status during alcohol‐induced toxicity: A pathohistological study

“…Many polyphenolic compounds possess hypolipidemic activity and have been shown to increase the fecal fat excretion and LDL receptor activity. EA has been reported to affect cellular lipid metabolism during benzoyl peroxide induced toxicity [50]. Moreover, EA effectively prevents LPO, which paralleled the inhibition of membrane damage and prevents release of FFA from the membrane.…”

Radical-scavenging Activity of Natural Methoxyphenols vs. Synthetic Ones using the Induction Period Method

“…BPO is also used as an additive in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, especially those related to the treatment of acne. However, the hyperplastic and skin-irritant effects of BPO are well known [8]. In general, the kinetics of polymerization of styrene and methacrylates have been investigated in AIBN, but not in BPO, because use of BPO results in inductive decomposition.…”

“…In addition, these compounds efficiently scavenge O 2 -as well as eugenol [4]. Naturally occurring eugenol-related compounds such as ferulic acid inhibit superoxide anion radicals produced by interaction of the tumor promotor BPO with murine peritoneal macrophages in vitro [8]. In addition to scavenging oxygen-centered radicals, 2-allyl-4-methoxyphenol and 2,4-dimethoxyphenol efficiently scavenge much more R .…”