Plant jasmonic acid mediated contrasting effects of two citrus aphid species on Diaphorina citri Kuwayama

Abstract

Background Herbivores may influence each other directly and through plant mediated inter‐specific interactions. The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama) and citrus aphids are key pests that can co‐exist on citrus, but their plant‐mediated interaction between them is unknown. Here we investigated plant‐mediated effect of two citrus aphid species, the polyphagous Aphis spiraecola Patch and the oligophagous Aphis (Toxoptera) citricidus (Kirkaldy) on the feeding behavior and reproduction of Diaphorina citri, and explored the underlying mechanisms. Results In comparison with those on aphid free plants, Diaphorina citri had decreased reproduction and reduced phloem feeding on Aphis spiraecola pre‐infested plants, while the reproduction and feeding efficiency were increased on Aphis citricidus pre‐infested plants. Jasmonic acid (JA) dependent defense was significantly activated by Diaphorina citri feeding on Aphis spiraecola pre‐infested plants, but was suppressed by Diaphorina citri feeding on Aphis citricidus pre‐infested plants compared with that on aphid free plant. By contrast, only one tested marker gene in salicylic acid (SA) signaling was activated by Diaphorina citri feeding on Aphis spiraecola pre‐infested plants. Furthermore, exogenous application of methyl jasmonate, but not SA, conferred resistance against Diaphorina citri in our citrus trials. Conclusion Our results indicate that pre‐infestation by two citrus aphid species differentially altered Diaphorina citri induced citrus JA dependent defense, which resulted in different effect on subsequent Diaphorina citri performance. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

Insect‐specific RNA virus affects the stylet penetration activity of brown citrus aphid (Aphis citricidus) to facilitate its transmission

“…For A. citricidus infestation, expression of the SA marker genes was reduced and expression of the JA marker genes was induced (Gao et al. , 2022).…”

“…Secretion of the A. pisum effector MIF1 inhibited the JA pathway to facilitate feeding from phloem sap (Naessens et al, 2015). For A. citricidus infestation, expression of the SA marker genes was reduced and expression of the JA marker genes was induced (Gao et al, 2022).…”

“…We also evaluated 3 genes associated with the SA pathway, namely, PAL (encoding phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase, which is required for SA biosynthesis), NPR1 (encoding non‐expressor of pathogenesis‐related genes 1, a transcription cofactor that acts downstream of SA signaling), and PR1 (encoding pathogenesis‐related protein 1, which is an SA marker and SA‐inducing pathogenesis‐related protein) (Gao et al. , 2022).…”

“…For the plants, we evaluated 3 genes associated with the JA pathway, namely, FAD3 (encoding fatty acid desaturase 3, which is required for JA biosynthesis), MYC2 (encoding myelocytomatosis protein 2, a transcription cofactor which acts downstream of JA signaling), and LOX2 (encod-ing lipoxygenase 2, which is involved in JA biosynthesis) (Abe et al, 2011). We also evaluated 3 genes associated with the SA pathway, namely, PAL (encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, which is required for SA biosynthesis), NPR1 (encoding non-expressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1, a transcription cofactor that acts downstream of SA signaling), and PR1 (encoding pathogenesis-related protein 1, which is an SA marker and SA-inducing pathogenesis-related protein) (Gao et al, 2022).…”

Vermicompost Amendments Disrupt Feeding Behavior of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama and Boost Activities of Salicylic Acid and Jasmonic Acid Pathway-Related Enzymes in Citrus

“…Actually, plants have developed sophisticated defenses against insects, which are mainly regulated by the phytohormonal pathways such as salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) [ 11 ]. These phytohormone-dependent defenses can inhibit the feeding of insects [ 12 , 13 ]. Systemic resistance against insect herbivores also can be induced by other factors, such as the soil amendment of silicon [ 14 ] and microbes [ 15 , 16 ].…”