Plant immunity in signal integration between biotic and abiotic stress responses

Abstract

Summary Plants constantly monitor and cope with the fluctuating environment while hosting a diversity of plant‐inhabiting microbes. The mode and outcome of plant–microbe interactions, including plant disease epidemics, are dynamically and profoundly influenced by abiotic factors, such as light, temperature, water and nutrients. Plants also utilize associations with beneficial microbes during adaptation to adverse conditions. Elucidation of the molecular bases for the plant–microbe–environment interactions is therefore of fundamental importance in the plant sciences. Following advances into individual stress signaling pathways, recent studies are beginning to reveal molecular intersections between biotic and abiotic stress responses and regulatory principles in combined stress responses. We outline mechanisms underlying environmental modulation of plant immunity and emerging roles for immune regulators in abiotic stress tolerance. Furthermore, we discuss how plants coordinate conflicting demands when exposed to combinations of different stresses, with attention to a possible determinant that links initial stress response to broad‐spectrum stress tolerance or prioritization of specific stress tolerance.

Pattern recognition receptors confer plant salt tolerance via WRKY18/WRKY40 transcription factors

“…Our findings thus suggest that limiting the magnitude of immune activation is a key for linking PRR-triggered signaling to salt tolerance (Figure 7). They also reconcile the apparent discrepancy between positive and negative effects of immune activation on salt/osmotic tolerance (Saijo & Loo, 2020;this study), and suggest that the EDS1 activation state is a critical decision node between abiotic-biotic stress cross-tolerance and tradeoff.…”

“…This predicts an intimate relationship between biotic and abiotic stress sensing and signaling in plants. In line with this, it is becoming apparent that immune receptors and signaling regulators also impact abiotic stress responses, positively or negatively in a context-dependent manner (Saijo & Loo, 2020). However, the regulatory logic or molecular basis behind intricate crossregulations between biotic and abiotic stress signaling remains poorly understood.…”

Whole Genome Scan Reveals Molecular Signatures of Divergence and Selection Related to Important Traits in Durum Wheat Germplasm

“…The flanking regions of two SNP markers were evaluated according to LD decay distance that is about 5Mb for chromosomes 3B and 8 Mb for chromosome 5B ( Table 2). The region on chromosome 3B harbors many genes responsible for the response to abiotic and biotic stresses, such as TBC1, RBOH (respiratory burst oxidase protein F), Pectate lyase, and Zinc finger protein CONSTANS-LIKE 5 (Atif et al, 2019;Lai et al, 2020;Saijo and Loo, 2020), genes involved in the nitrogen assimilation process (Ureidoglycolate hydrolase) (Muñoz et al, 2006) and in the regulation of auxin polar transport (Interactor of constitutive active ROPs 1). Candidate genes putative under selection on chromosome 5B are well known to be involved in different biological processes in wheat.…”

Effects of Depolymerized Gellan with Different Molecular Weights on the Growth of Four Bedding Plant Species

“…This is because the natural bioactive polymers are similar to biotic elicitors [41]. At the cellular level, elicitor perception by pattern-recognition receptors activate plant innate immunity [42,43]. Derivatives of gellan gum seem to act as plant elicitors, as under salinity stress they stimulate the synthesis of secondary metabolites [33].…”