Plant growth regulator and nitrogen fertilizer effects on soil organic carbon sequestration in creeping bentgrass fairway turf

López‐Bellido, Rafael J.; Lal, Rattan; Danneberger, T. K.; Street, J. R.

doi:10.1007/s11104-010-0289-2

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Overall, climate presents significant influence on the functioning of upper soil layers which contain most soil organic matter (López-Bellido et al, 2010). Xiao et al (2018) reviewed the response of soil EEA to global environmental changes indicating that overall the relationships among global climate factors and EEA remained elusive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil organic matter is a major reservoir of C with the potential to greatly influence global warming processes (Conant et al., 2011; Davidson & Janssens, 2006). Besides, most organic carbon is present in the upper soil layers (top 5 cm) (López‐Bellido, Lal, Danneberger, & Street, 2010) which are directly influenced by climate variability. A first step for microorganisms to decompose soil organic matter is the use of microbial extracellular enzymes which will break down large polymers and complex organic compounds into smaller subunits or monomers that microorganisms can directly incorporate into their cells to be further metabolized (Asmar, Eiland, & Nielsen, 1994; Madigan, Martinko, & Parker, 2003; Wallenstein & Burns, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental factors affect the response of microbial extracellular enzyme activity in soils when determined as a function of water availability and temperature

Gómez

Delgado

Gonzalez

2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Microorganisms govern soil carbon cycling with critical effects at local and global scales. The activity of microbial extracellular enzymes is generally the limiting step for soil organic matter mineralization. Nevertheless, the influence of soil characteristics and climate parameters on microbial extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) performance at different water availabilities and temperatures remains to be detailed. Different soils from the Iberian Peninsula presenting distinctive climatic scenarios were sampled for these analyses. Results showed that microbial EEA in the mesophilic temperature range presents optimal rates under wet conditions (high water availability) while activity at the thermophilic temperature range (60°C) could present maximum EEA rates under dry conditions if the soil is frequently exposed to high temperatures. Optimum water availability conditions for maximum soil microbial EEA were influenced mainly by soil texture. Soil properties and climatic parameters are major environmental components ruling soil water availability and temperature which were decisive factors regulating soil microbial EEA. This study contributes decisively to the understanding of environmental factors on the microbial EEA in soils, specifically on the decisive influence of water availability and temperature on EEA. Unlike previous belief, optimum EEA in high temperature exposed soil upper layers can occur at low water availability (i.e., dryness) and high temperatures. This study shows the potential for a significant response by soil microbial EEA under conditions of high temperature and dryness due to a progressive environmental warming which will influence organic carbon decomposition at local and global scenarios.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental factors affect the response of microbial extracellular enzyme activity in soils when determined as a function of water availability and temperature

Gómez

Delgado

Gonzalez

2020

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Use of N fertilizers is generally perceived to increase soil organic C by increasing biomass production and crop residue inputs [ 18 ]. However, in our study, TOC levels in CK and N2 treatments decreased compared with those in 1988.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Soil Carbon and Enzyme Activity As a Result of Different Long-Term Fertilization Regimes in a Greenhouse Field

et al. 2015

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In order to discover the advantages and disadvantages of different fertilization regimes and identify the best management practice of fertilization in greenhouse fields, soil enzyme activities involved in carbon (C) transformations, soil chemical characteristics, and crop yields were monitored after long-term (20-year) fertilization regimes, including no fertilizer (CK), 300 kg N ha-1 and 600 kg N ha-1 as urea (N1 and N2), 75 Mg ha-1 horse manure compost (M), and M with either 300 or 600 kg N ha-1 urea (MN1 and MN2). Compared with CK, fertilization increased crop yields by 31% (N2) to 69% (MN1). However, compared with CK, inorganic fertilization (especially N2) also caused soil acidification and salinization. In the N2 treatment, soil total organic carbon (TOC) decreased from 14.1±0.27 g kg-1 at the beginning of the long-term experiment in 1988 to 12.6±0.11 g kg-1 (P<0.05). Compared to CK, N1 and N2 exhibited higher soil α-galactosidase and β-galactosidase activities, but lower soil α-glucosidase and β-glucosidase activities (P<0.05), indicating that inorganic fertilization had different impacts on these C transformation enzymes. Compared with CK, the M, MN1 and MN2 treatments exhibited higher enzyme activities, soil TOC, total nitrogen, dissolved organic C, and microbial biomass C and N. The fertilization regime of the MN1 treatment was identified as optimal because it produced the highest yields and increased soil quality, ensuring sustainability. The results suggest that inorganic fertilizer alone, especially in high amounts, in greenhouse fields is detrimental to soil quality.

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“…Since the introduction of plant growth regulators (PGRs) to the turfgrass market, they have been widely adopted by golf course superintendents, mainly due to yield suppression (11). Trinexapac‐ethyl (TE) is perhaps the most widely used PGR for turfgrass managers due many positive features such as chlorophyll enhancement (6), enhanced stress tolerance (11), increased soil organic carbon sequestration (10), and improved nitrogen use efficiency (13), while having minimal phytotoxicity on desired species. However, researchers have noted TE's relative ineffectiveness for ABG suppression in CBG fairways (4,13).…”

Section: Poa Annua Control In Creeping Bentgrass Putting Greensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Growth Regulator Selection and Application Rate Influence Annual Bluegrass Control in Creeping Bentgrass Putting Greens

Baldwin

Brede

2011

Applied Turfgrass Science

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Field experiments were conducted in 2009 and 2010 on two golf course practice putting greens in Spokane, WA (Esmeralda), and Hayden Lake, ID (Avondale), consisting of an approximate 50% blend of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) (CBG) and annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) (ABG). Various regimes of trinexapac‐ethyl (TE), flurprimidol (FL), paclobutrazol (PB), and TE + FL were investigated to determine which plant growth regulator (PGR) regime provided the greatest transition from ABG to CBG. Following PGR applications every two weeks over two growing seasons in the Northwest, PB at 0.28 kg/ha and FL at 0.22 and 0.28 kg/ha produced the greatest increase in CBG coverage, followed by TE + FL at 0.04 + 0.10 kg/ha. TE at 0.10 kg/ha consistently resulted in the least amount of CBG compared to other PGR treatments. While PGRs are an effective tool for superintendents to use for ABG suppression on putting greens, PGR selection, application rate, and application timing are important considerations for successful results.

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Plant growth regulator and nitrogen fertilizer effects on soil organic carbon sequestration in creeping bentgrass fairway turf

Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of plant growth regulator (PGR) (no PGR, trinexapac-ethyl, and paclobutrazol) and N fertilizer (zero N, an average of 37 kg N ha −1 month −1 , 6 and 12 kg N ha −1 week −1

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Environmental factors affect the response of microbial extracellular enzyme activity in soils when determined as a function of water availability and temperature

Environmental factors affect the response of microbial extracellular enzyme activity in soils when determined as a function of water availability and temperature

Changes in Soil Carbon and Enzyme Activity As a Result of Different Long-Term Fertilization Regimes in a Greenhouse Field

Plant Growth Regulator Selection and Application Rate Influence Annual Bluegrass Control in Creeping Bentgrass Putting Greens

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