“…Extreme and short-term drought has also been found to cause entire and long-term ecotone shifts of forests (Allen and Breshears, 1998). Water shortage can cause plants to reduce their metabolic activity, causing a decrease in photosynthesis, carbon fixation, and ultimately, growth (Depuit and Caldwell, 1973;Younis et al, 1993; see also Møller and Shykoff, 1999 for review of developmental stability in plants).…”