Plant disease management in organic farming systems

Bruggen, A.H.C. van; Gamliel, A.; Finckh, Maria R.

doi:10.1002/ps.4145

Cited by 140 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 164 publications

(442 reference statements)

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“…За науково обґрунтованого чергування культур сівозміни та сприйняття її як цілісної системи, здатної до саморегулювання, впливу на головні складові ланки (елементи) за рахунок тісного взаємозв'язку, виникає можливість регулювати наявність та кількість шкодочинних факторів, і тим самим зменшувати навантаження в агробіоценозі (de Ponti et al, 2012;van Bruggen et al, 2016). Саме такий підхід застосовують у біологічному землеробстві.…”

Section: житомирський національний агроекологічний університет житомunclassified

Reduction of anthropogenic loading on an agroecosystem by increasing its energy efficiency

Gnatiuk

2018

Biosys. divers.

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Gnatiuk, T. (2018). Reduction of anthropogenic loading on an agroecosystem by increasing its energy efficiency. Biosystems Diversity, 26(2), 71-76. doi:10.15421/011811For full functioning , an artificially created agroecosystem should include qualitatively and quantitatively balanced components. This is possible if the anthropogenic burden on such a system is reduced and energy costs are balanced within it. In order to substantiate this statement, a production experiment was conducted in which short-term crop rotation was introduced on the land of an experimental field. Determination of energy efficiency of crop rotations and crop rotations in general was carried out by calculating technological maps of cultivating the corresponding crops. The higher the energy efficiency, the less the energy spent on cultivating crops and the less the cost of obtaining a unit of production from the corresponding area. After three years of research, we have determined that the most energy-intensive crop in short-term rotation is potatoes, less energy is spent on the cultivation of field pea-oat mixture, rye, oats with sowings of clover, and clover alone. The most energy-efficient was the organic fertilizer system (manure) for growing winter rye with a coefficient of energy efficiency of 5.10. For cultivation of field pea with oats for the same fertilizer system, the cultivation efficiency was 5.70. Growing oats with sowings of clover and using an organic system (manure) had an energy utility of 4.11. After application of the organic system (siderate) for the cultivation of winter rye, the coefficient of energy efficiency was 5.03 and for potatoes 2.21. After using the organoleptic system 50 : 50 to grow perennial grasses, this ratio was 33.05, and after the use of the mineral system for growing potatoes, 2.13. However for the cultivation of perennial grasses, we used the aftereffects of fertilizers introduced under the clover of the first year, and in the second year, under the perennial grasses, fertilizers were not applied at all, but for the cultivation of clover in crop rotation it is expedient to use an organomineral system of 50 : 50. Adhering to the basic principles of biological agriculture, namely the introduction of a scientifically grounded alternation of crops, rejecting the use of chemical plant protection products, avoiding the replacement of organic fertilizers (manure and siderate) by mineral fertilizers, it is possible to reduce energy costs for growing crops of crop rotation and crop rotation in general as a consequence, and thus to reduce the anthropogenic load on the whole agroecosystem .

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Section: житомирський національний агроекологічний університет житомunclassified

Reduction of anthropogenic loading on an agroecosystem by increasing its energy efficiency

Gnatiuk

2018

Biosys. divers.

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“…To our knowledge, the robustness of microbial communities in organic-farmed soils to irrigating the soils and seedling growth during crop cultivation has not previously been analysed, although the influences of root exudates, soil properties, organic amendments, flooded conditions and farm management practices on rhizosphere bacterial communities have been investigated (Berg & Smalla, 2009;Breidenbach & Conrad, 2015;Chaparro, Sheflin, Manter, & Vivanco, 2012;Dennis, Miller, & Hirsch, 2010;Haichar et al, 2008;Matsushita et al, 2015;Xue et al, 2013). Furthermore, the analysis of the microbial community in rice field soil over the course of a growing season suggested that soil environment type had a greater effect on the community structure than plant growth stage (Breidenbach, Pump, & Dumont, 2016). Our obtained results…”

Section: Organic Conventionalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Organic farming systems can effectively suppress plant diseases independent of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers (Abbasi, Al-Dahmani, Sahin, Hoitink, & Miller, 2002;Ando et al, 2014;Bailey & Lazarovits, 2003;Bonanomi, Antignani, Pane, & Scala, 2007;van Bruggen, Gamliel, & Finckh, 2016;Bulluck & Ristaino, 2002;Gilardi, Pugliese, Gullino, & Garibaldi, 2016;Klein, Katan, & Gamliel, 2011;Lazarovits, Tenuta, & Conn, 2001;Messiha et al, 2007). Furthermore, organic amendments can improve the fertility of soil through the activity of soil micro-organisms (Kennedy & Smith, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of microbial diversity and bacterial seedling disease‐suppressive activity in organic‐farmed and standardized commercial conventional soils for rice nursery cultivation

Takahashi

Matsushita

Ito

et al. 2018

Journal of Phytopathology

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The outbreak of rice plant diseases can be effectively suppressed in organic farming systems. However, the mechanisms of disease suppression by organic farming systems are not well understood. When Burkholderia‐infected rice seeds were sown and cultivated on nine organic‐farmed soils which were supplied by nine independent organic rice farmers or standardized commercial conventional soils, the emergence of bacterial seedling diseases was suppressed to equivalent degrees in nine organic‐farmed soils, whereas the diseases occurred in two commercial conventional soils. In any organic or commercial conventional soil sown with healthy rice seeds as a control, the diseases did not appear. Upon physicochemical analysis of the nine organic‐farmed soils, component common to these organic‐farmed soils seemed to not be directly associated with disease‐suppressive activity. However, microbiome analyses indicated that the bacterial population in these nine organic‐farmed soils was more diverse than those in commercial conventional soils. Intriguingly, the diverse bacterial population structures of organic‐farmed soils were preserved after irrigating and sowing rice seeds, but that of commercial conventional soils was clearly changed by them. Thus, organic‐farmed soils seem to maintain robust bacterial populations despite the irrigation and seedling growth. Indeed, pathogenic Burkholderia in infected rice seeds also did not proliferate in the seedling grown on organic‐farmed soils. Taken together, the common feature of organic‐farmed soils might be the correlation between bacterial seedling disease‐suppressive activity and higher robustness of the diversified microbiome.

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“…Plants also present entomotoxic actions against insect-pests, showing an important potential to be explored mainly due to the emergence of insects resistant to chemical insecticides and to the rise of organic agriculture [58]. There are only two studies in the scientific literature exploring the allelopathic and entomotoxic potentials of araucaria.…”

Section: Allelopathic and Entomotoxic Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) O. Kuntze: A Review

Branco¹,

Rodrigues²,

Lima³

et al. 2016

J Org Inorg Chem

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Araucaria angustifolia is a tree that belongs to Araucariaceae family and it is mainly found in Southern Brazil. This plant has a notable therapeutical history in folk medicine holding great socioeconomic and environmental importance. Until now, some studies were conducted to assess its chemical composition, biological and pharmacological properties. The studies have shown that the bark, knot, needles (leaves), seeds and bracts (sterile seeds) contain high concentrations of active compounds and exhibit different biological effects. In the folk medicine the different parts of this plant are used to treat various types of illnesses, such as shingles, respiratory tract infections, sexually transmitted diseases and some types of wounds. Bearing this in mind, this review focuses on all currently chemical and biological effects already reported for A. angustifolia and provide a novel perspective and useful information for future research.

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Plant disease management in organic farming systems

Cited by 140 publications

References 164 publications

Reduction of anthropogenic loading on an agroecosystem by increasing its energy efficiency

Reduction of anthropogenic loading on an agroecosystem by increasing its energy efficiency

Comparative analysis of microbial diversity and bacterial seedling disease‐suppressive activity in organic‐farmed and standardized commercial conventional soils for rice nursery cultivation

Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) O. Kuntze: A Review

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