Plant defense-related enzymes against pathogens: a review

Prasannath, K.

doi:10.4038/agrieast.v11i1.33

Cited by 74 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This result suggests that the Agave enzymes are involved in defense mechanisms. The inhibition observed was lower than that reported for other plant chitinases [3,54]; however, it is known that plants overexpress a pull of chitinases, glucanases, and others PR proteins that act synergistically to fight pathogen infections [65]. These inhibitory concentration values are similar to those reported for barley class I chitinase of 80 and 200 lg [66].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

A biophysical and structural study of two chitinases from Agave tequilana and their potential role as defense proteins

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plant chitinases are enzymes that have several functions, including providing protection against pathogens. Agave tequilana is an economically important plant that is poorly studied. Here, we identified a chitinase from short reads of the A. tequilana transcriptome (AtChi1). A second chitinase, differing by only six residues from the first, was isolated from total RNA of plants infected with Fusarium oxysporum (AtChi2). Both enzymes were overexpressed in Escherichia coli and analysis of their sequences indicated that they belong to the class I glycoside hydrolase family19, whose members exhibit two domains: a carbohydrate‐binding module and a catalytic domain, connected by a flexible linker. Activity assays and thermal shift experiments demonstrated that the recombinant Agave enzymes are highly thermostable acidic endochitinases with Tm values of 75 °C and 71 °C. Both exhibit a molecular mass close to 32 kDa, as determined by MALDI‐TOF, and experimental pIs of 3.7 and 3.9. Coupling small‐angle x‐ray scattering information with homology modeling and docking simulations allowed us to structurally characterize both chitinases, which notably show different interactions in the binding groove. Even when the six different amino acids are all exposed to solvent in the loops located near the linker and opposite to the binding site, they confer distinct kinetic parameters against colloidal chitin and similar affinity for (GlnNAc)6, as shown by isothermal titration calorimetry. Interestingly, binding is more enthalpy‐driven for AtChi2. Whereas the physiological role of these chitinases remains unknown, we demonstrate that they exhibit important antifungal activity against chitin‐rich fungi such as Aspergillus sp. Database SAXS structural data are available in the SASBDB database with accession numbers SASDDE7 and SASDDA6. Enzymes Chitinases (http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/EC3/2/1/14.html).

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

A biophysical and structural study of two chitinases from Agave tequilana and their potential role as defense proteins

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The activity of defense-related enzymes, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase is known to be induced via systemic resistance of many infected plants with fungal pathogens (Prasannath, 2017). These enzymes act as elicitors of the phenylpropanoid pathway, resulting in the biosynthesis of a diverse array of plant metabolites such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and lignin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These products can provide defense in plants against pathogenic attack (Walters et al, 2013 andMayer, 2006). Many studies indicated a greater accumulation of phenolics as a result of increasing the activities of these oxidative enzymes which could offer protection against plant diseases (Reddy et al, 2014 andPrasannath, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The positive effects of PGPR have a direct or indirect performance in plants, direct promotion of growth by production of metabolites that enhances plant growth, indirect growth promotion occurs via the removal of pathogens by the production of secondary metabolites (Compant et al, 2005;Reddy et al, 2014 andSarhan andShehata, 2014). Induced systemic defense reaction in plants using PGPR is considered one important means to suppress plant diseases as it can induce plant defense in the host plants in response to microbial infection including defense-related enzymes and pathogenesisrelated proteins such as β-1,3-glucanase, peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, indoleacetic acid (IAA), lignin synthesis, accumulation of phenolic compounds and specific flavonoids, meantime, a promising approach to control diseases caused by soil-borne pathogens (Walters et al, 2013;Pieterse et al, 2014 andPrasannath, 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Systemic Resistance in Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Elicited by Some Chemicals and Biotic Inducers Against White Mold Disease Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Sarhan

El-Far

Ebrahiem

2018

Egyptian Journal of Phytopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

he effect of chemicals and biotic inducers i.e., Bion [benzothiadiazole (BTH)], Salicylic acid (SA), Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum as seed treatments of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Paulista.) compared to the fungicide Topsin M-70, were evaluated in the greenhouse and under field conditions during the two successive growing seasons 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 at Ashmoun, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt to control the white mold disease caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. All the tested chemicals and biotic inducers treatments significantly reduced the percentages of pre-and post-emergence dampingoff compared with the untreated control under greenhouse conditions. The highest percentage of survived plants was achieved by Topsin M-70 and Bion, followed by B. subtilis, Salicylic acid, and T. harzianum. Activities of defense-related enzymes peroxidase (PO), polyphenoloxidase (PPO) enzymes, and phenol content were determined. Bion treatment showed the highest increase in PO and PPO activity and total phenols followed by B. subtilis, Salicylic acid, and T. harzianum treatments in the presence of S. sclerotiorum. In the two successive growing seasons under field conditions, all the tested chemicals and biotic inducers treatments reduced the percentage of white mold incidence and severity of the treated snap bean plants compared with the untreated control. The highest reduction of disease incidence and severity was recorded by Topsin M-70 followed by Bion, B. subtilis, Salicylic acid, and T. harzianum, respectively. As well as, all treatments significantly increased vegetative characteristics i.e., plant height, No. of branches/plant, plant fresh and dry weight, and yield parameters i.e., average pod weight (g) and yield (ton/fed). Furthermore, chemical composition of green pods showed a significant increase in protein and carbohydrates content (%) beside all minerals Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) content as compared with the untreated control in the two growing seasons.

show abstract

“…Reinforcing the cell wall to prevent further pathogen ingress is the most common response of the infected host plant. Cell wall enhancement is always achieved by cellulose synthesis, lignification, and callose deposition [45]. Histochemical staining showed that there were no significant changes in the cell morphology of ZQK9 after P. capsici infection, while the epidermal cells of E31 were disintegrated (Fig 2).…”

Section: Cell Wall Modificationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Transcriptome analysis clarified genes involved in resistance to Phytophthora capsici in melon

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora capsici is a devastating disease for melon plant. However, the underlying resistance mechanisms are still poorly understood. In this study, the transcriptome differences between the resistant ZQK9 and susceptible E31 at 0, 3, and 5 days post-inoculation (dpi) were identified by RNA-seq. A total of 1,195 and 6,595 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in ZQK9 and E31, respectively. P. capsici infection triggered massive transcript changes in the inoculated tissues. Genes related to plant defense responses were activated, which was reflected by a lot of up-regulated DEGs involved in pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, hormones biosynthesis and signal transduction, secondary metabolites biosynthesis and cell wall modification in resistant ZQK9. The dataset generated in this study may provide a basis for identifying candidate resistant genes in melon against P. capsici and lay a foundation for further research on the molecular mechanisms.

show abstract

Plant defense-related enzymes against pathogens: a review

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 74 publications

References 57 publications

A biophysical and structural study of two chitinases from Agave tequilana and their potential role as defense proteins

A biophysical and structural study of two chitinases from Agave tequilana and their potential role as defense proteins

Systemic Resistance in Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Elicited by Some Chemicals and Biotic Inducers Against White Mold Disease Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Transcriptome analysis clarified genes involved in resistance to Phytophthora capsici in melon

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About