Plant defense approach ofBacillus subtilis(BERA 71) againstMacrophomina phaseolina(Tassi) Goid in mung bean

Abstract

This study was aimed to elucidate the mitigation mechanism of an endophytic bacterium, Bacillus subtilis (BERA 71) against Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid disease in mung bean. M. phaseolina reduced the plant growth by inducing disease, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and lipid peroxidation. The inoculation of B. subtilis to diseased plants increased chlorophyll, ascorbic acids, and superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities, and while inhibited H 2 O 2 and lipid peroxidation for enhancing plant growth. In addition, B. subtilis association in plants mitigated the M. phaseolina infection due to increase of indole acetic acids and indole butyric acid, and also a decrease of abscisic acid. However, the nutrients (N, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe) were increased, except Na in M. phaseolina diseased plants treated with B. subtilis. The result of this study suggests that B. subtilis interaction with plants can modulate the metabolism of pigments, hormones, antioxidants and nutrients against M. phaseolina to induce disease resistance in mung bean. ARTICLE HISTORY

Enhancement of disease resistance, growth potential, and photosynthesis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) by inoculation with an endophytic actinobacterium, Streptomyces thermocarboxydus strain BPSAC147

“…PGPM influence plant growth and fitness by both direct and indirect mechanisms. Direct mechanisms include N 2 fixation, Fe sequestration, phytohormone production, and phosphate solubilisation, while major indirect mechanisms are antibiosis and production of lytic enzymes [3]. The beneficial effects on plant growth mediated by rhizospheric bacteria and fungi have been well documented [4, 5].…”

“…Several questions regarding the association of endophytic microorganisms with host plants, however, are still unanswered; including how long do they reside in the host and do they have any impact on photosynthesis. Abd_Allah et al [9] and Hashem et al [3] reported that the endophytic bacterium, Bacillus subtilis (BERA 71), enhances the photosynthesis and growth of chickpea ( Beta vulgaris L.) and mung bean via the production of phytohormones. Zhang et al [10] suggested that plant growth promoting rhizobacteria may function as a plant growth stimulator through an auxin-dependent mechanism.…”

Application of Bacteria as a Prominent Source of Biofertilizers

“…Seed germination is regulated by sugars, nitrate, and phytohormones, such as auxin, cytokinins, ethylene, abscisic acid (ABA), GAs, brassinosteroid (BR) and light [12,13]. Salt deposition in soil decreases the osmotic potential of the growth medium for plants and reduces the water availability [14]. Plants respond to saltinduced osmotic stress by closing their stomata, thus limiting the loss of cellular water content and gas exchange, which reduces the photosynthetic rate.…”

Mycorrhizal fungi induced activation of tomato defense system mitigates Fusarium wilt stress

“…This biotic stress leads towards the over accumulation of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) thus inducing oxidative stress in plant ( Vellosillo et al, 2010 ). Excess accumulated ROS interacts with the cellular constituents including lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, thus hinders the normal working of the cell ( El-Rahman et al, 2012 , Egamberdieva et al, 2017 , Hashem et al, 2017 ). One of the biotic stress induced by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.…”