Plant composition modulates arthropod pest and predator abundance: Evidence for culling exotics and planting natives

Parry, Hazel Ruth; Hopkinson, Jamie; Bianchi, Felix J.J.A.; Zalucki, Myron P.; Bourne, A. S.; Schellhorn, Nancy A.

doi:10.1016/j.baae.2015.05.005

Cited by 36 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…'How does population size, demographic rates, or measures of performance currency of key ecosystem service providers change when the resource chain is broken?' The population growth and life-history characteristics of beneficial organisms can be affected by discontinuity of resources [30,48]. Several examples suggest that adding the right resources to the landscape can target organism performance and enhance population size of organisms that deliver pest suppression and pollination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time will tell: resource continuity bolsters ecosystem services

Schellhorn

Gagić

Bommarco

2015

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

246

198

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much of this information is based on natural history observations. However, quantification of their locations, abundances, and actual resource requirements inside and outside the crop field throughout their life cycle are only beginning to be conducted [21,29,30].…”

Section: Research Agendamentioning

confidence: 99%

Time will tell: resource continuity bolsters ecosystem services

Schellhorn

Gagić

Bommarco

2015

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

246

198

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“…, Parry et al. ). Thus, studying the local floristic composition within specific habitat types in concert with landscape structure has the potential to provide more relevant data for effective pest management decisions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting effects of landscape composition on crop yield mediated by specialist herbivores

Pérez-Álvarez

Nault

Poveda

2018

Ecological Applications

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Landscape composition not only affects a variety of arthropod-mediated ecosystem services, but also disservices, such as herbivory by insect pests that may have negative effects on crop yield. Yet, little is known about how different habitats influence the dynamics of multiple herbivore species, and ultimately their collective impact on crop production. Using cabbage as a model system, we examined how landscape composition influenced the incidence of three specialist cruciferous pests (aphids, flea beetles, and leaf-feeding Lepidoptera), lepidopteran parasitoids, and crop yield across a gradient of landscape composition in New York, USA. We expected that landscapes with a higher proportion of cropland and lower habitat diversity would lead to an increase in pest pressure of the specialist herbivores and a reduction in crop yield. However, results indicated that neither greater cropland area nor lower landscape diversity influenced pest pressure or yield. Rather, pest pressure and yield were best explained by the presence of non-crop habitats (i.e., meadows) in the landscape. Specifically, cabbage was infested with fewer Lepidoptera in landscapes with a higher proportion of meadows likely resulting from increased parasitism. Conversely, cabbage was infested with more flea beetles and aphids as the proportion of meadows in the landscape increased, suggesting that these pests benefit from non-crop habitats. Furthermore, path analysis confirmed that these landscape-mediated effects on pest populations can have either positive or negative cascading effects on crop yield. Our findings illustrate how different pest species within the same cropping system show contrasting responses to landscape composition with respect to both the direction and spatial scale of the relationship. Such tradeoffs resulting from the complex interaction between multiple-pests, natural enemies, and landscape composition must be considered, if we are to manage landscapes for pest suppression benefits.

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“…Furthermore, increased spider ballooning from wheat crops could have been triggered by wheat harvest, which coincided with the time that the experiment was conducted. The relatively low proportion of spiders in woody remnant vegetation taking part in ballooning is in line with observations in a nearby study area showing that native plant species were dominated by non-ballooning spider groups (Parry et al 2015). While native woody remnants may still contribute to the recruitment of grounddwelling spiders colonizing crops (Ö berg and Ekbom 2006), we were not able to quantify cursorial movement with our sticky traps that were located 20 cm above the ground.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Landscape-scale mass-action of spiders explains early-season immigration rates in crops

et al. 2017

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Context Early-season immigration into arable fields by natural enemies is key for effective biocontrol, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying immigration processes. Objectives Here we test the mass action hypothesis for ballooning spiders, stating that local immigration rates are positively related to the amount of spiders in the surrounding landscape. Methods Immigration rates of spiders were assessed by sticky traps in remnant vegetation, in arable land 25-125 m from remnant vegetation, and in arable land further than 400 m from remnant vegetation. The experiment was conducted at 18 locations across two landscapes and repeated three times in a 2-week period in 2007 and 2008. Spider densities in crop and noncrop habitats were assessed by beat sheet sampling and used to calculate spider loads in landscape sectors around the experimental locations at five spatial scales. Results Regression analysis indicated that immigration rates were influenced by meteorological variables and landscape context at 2 km and possibly beyond. Regression models that included spider load at relevant spatial scales received more statistical support from the data than models with the proportion of remnant vegetation and crops. Regression analysis further indicated that wheat and-to a lesser extentremnant vegetation are important habitats for the recruitment of ballooning spiders. Conclusions Our study provides support for the mass action hypothesis by showing that a combination of land-use variables with habitat specific spider densities allows the generation of functional cover types with greatly improved explanatory power.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Plant composition modulates arthropod pest and predator abundance: Evidence for culling exotics and planting natives

Cited by 36 publications

References 39 publications

Time will tell: resource continuity bolsters ecosystem services

Time will tell: resource continuity bolsters ecosystem services

Contrasting effects of landscape composition on crop yield mediated by specialist herbivores

Landscape-scale mass-action of spiders explains early-season immigration rates in crops

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