Plant ARGONAUTEs: Features, Functions, and Unknowns

Carbonell, Alberto

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-7165-7_1

Cited by 43 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 261 publications

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“…Viral infection accompanied by the replication of RNA viral genomes by the host's RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDRP) and induced the production of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) or the secondary structure of the single-stranded viral RNA, which are then cleaved by the host plant Dicer-Like (DCL) enzymes, a major component of RNAi machinery, into small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) [11,12]. These vsiRNAs will be loaded to AGO (Argonaute) family proteins and form the RNAinduced silencing complex (RISC) and by post-transcriptional transcription gene silencing which could target the complementary sequences of the viral genome for speci c degradation [13][14][15]. The previous studies have shown that the 21-nt vsiRNAs produced by a DCL4 enzyme guiding the degradation or translational inhibition of target transcripts by a RISC, while the 24-nt long vsiRNAs are often recruited to AGO4 proteins and induce systemic silencing and RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus-GAV-derived vsiRNAs Involved in the Production of Wheat Leaf Yellowing Symptoms by Targeting Chlorophyll Synthase

Shen

Wei

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Wheat yellow dwarf virus disease was infected by barley yellow dwarf virus, caused leaf yellowing and dwarfing symptoms in wheat, posing a serious threat to China's food production. Infection of plant viruses can produce a large number of vsiRNAs, which can target host transcripts for symptoms development. However, few studies were conducted to explore the role of vsiRNAs in the interaction between BYDV-GAV and host wheat plants.Methods: In this study, small RNA sequencing was conducted to profile the vsiRNAs in BYDV-GAV infected wheat plants. The putative targets of vsiRNAs were predicted by bioinformatics software. RT-qPCR and VIGS were used to identify the function of selected target transcripts. To confirm the interaction between vsiRNA and the target, 5’RACE was performed to analyze the specific cleavage sites. Results: From the sequencing data, we obtained a total of 11,384 detected vsiRNAs. The length distribution of these vsiRNAs mostly was 21- and 22-nt along with A/U biased at the 5 ' -terminal. We also found the production region of vsiRNAs had no strand polarity. The vsiRNAs were predicted to target 23,719 wheat transcripts. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that these targets mostly involved in cell parts and catalytic activity and plant-pathogen interaction. The results of RT-qPCR indicted that most chloroplast-related genes showed down-regulation in BYDV-GAV infected wheat plants. Silencing of a chlorophyll synthase caused leaf yellowing that was similar to the symptom of BYDV-GAV inoculated wheat plants. A vsiRNA from an overlap region of BYDV-GAV MP and CP was found that could target the chlorophyll synthase for gene silencing. Then, 5’RACE validated that vsiRNA8856 could cleavage the chlorophyll synthase transcript in a sequence-specific manner.Conclusion: This is the first report demonstrating that BYDV-GAV-derived vsiRNAs can target wheat transcripts for symptom development, and this study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf yellowing upon viral infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus-GAV-derived vsiRNAs Involved in the Production of Wheat Leaf Yellowing Symptoms by Targeting Chlorophyll Synthase

Shen

Wei

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In plants, AGO1 represses target RNAs in the cytoplasm, while AGO4 usually directs de novo DNA methylation in the nucleus (Baulcombe, 2004;Vaucheret, 2008;Carbonell, 2017). Site-specific DNA methylation signals were observed on several genomic loci corresponding to the peaks of many TASRs associated with AGO4 in A. thaliana (Ma et al, 2017).…”

Section: Transcriptional Regulation By Tanrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terminus-Associated Non-coding RNAs: Trash or Treasure?

Xie

Leng

2020

Front. Genet.

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3 untranslated regions (3 UTRs) of protein-coding genes are well known for their important roles in determining the fate of mRNAs in diverse processes, including trafficking, stabilization, translation, and RNA-protein interactions. However, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) scattered around 3 termini of the protein-coding genes, here referred to as terminus-associated non-coding RNAs (TANRs), have not attracted wide attention in RNA research. Indeed, whether TANRs are transcriptional noise, degraded mRNA products, alternative 3 UTRs, or functional molecules has remained unclear for a long time. As a new category of ncRNAs, TANRs are widespread, abundant, and conserved in diverse eukaryotes. The biogenesis of TANRs mainly follows the same promoter model, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity-dependent model, or the independent promoter model. Functional studies of TANRs suggested that they are significantly involved in the versatile regulation of gene expression. For instance, at the transcriptional level, they can lead to transcriptional interference, induce the formation of gene loops, and participate in transcriptional termination. Furthermore, at the posttranscriptional level, they can act as microRNA sponges, and guide cleavage or modification of target RNAs. Here, we review current knowledge of the potential role of TANRs in the modulation of gene expression. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the current state of knowledge about TANRs, and discuss TANR nomenclature, relation to ncRNAs, cross-talk biogenesis pathways and potential functions. We further outline directions of future studies of TANRs, to promote investigations of this emerging and enigmatic category of RNA.

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“…Argonaute proteins are integral players in all sRNA pathways in plants and animals, comprising a family of 10 members in Arabidopsis ( Carbonell, 2017 ). By associating with different sRNAs, they regulate the expression of many genes and thereby control several aspects of growth, development and resistance to viruses ( Vaucheret, 2008 ; Carbonell and Carrington, 2015 ; Zhang H. et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Aba-dependent Antiviral Defense Through Rna Silencing Pathwamentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral Roles of Abscisic Acid in Plants

Alazem

Lin

2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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Abscisic acid (ABA) is a key hormone involved in tuning responses to several abiotic stresses and also has remarkable impacts on plant defense against various pathogens. The roles of ABA in plant defense against bacteria and fungi are multifaceted, inducing or reducing defense responses depending on its time of action. However, ABA induces different resistance mechanisms to viruses regardless of the induction time. Recent studies have linked ABA to the antiviral silencing pathway, which interferes with virus accumulation, and the micro RNA (miRNA) pathway through which ABA affects the maturation and stability of miRNAs. ABA also induces callose deposition at plasmodesmata, a mechanism that limits viral cell-to-cell movement. Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) is a member of the potexvirus group and is one of the most studied viruses in terms of the effects of ABA on its accumulation and resistance. In this review, we summarize how ABA interferes with the accumulation and movement of BaMV and other viruses. We also highlight aspects of ABA that may have an effect on other types of resistance and that require further investigation.

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Plant ARGONAUTEs: Features, Functions, and Unknowns

Cited by 43 publications

References 261 publications

Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus-GAV-derived vsiRNAs Involved in the Production of Wheat Leaf Yellowing Symptoms by Targeting Chlorophyll Synthase

Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus-GAV-derived vsiRNAs Involved in the Production of Wheat Leaf Yellowing Symptoms by Targeting Chlorophyll Synthase

Terminus-Associated Non-coding RNAs: Trash or Treasure?

Antiviral Roles of Abscisic Acid in Plants

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