Plant and soil phytolith analysis of a relictual community of Butia yatay in temperate-humid savannas (Entre Ríos, Argentina)

Patterer, Noelia Isabel; Zucol, Alejandro Fabián; Pepi, María Gabriela Fernández; Brea, Mariana

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2019.07.019

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The phytolith assemblage might indicate the presence of palaeocommunities with a physiognomy of humid psammophile steppe according to the Pt index. This agrees with conclusions of Patterer et al (2019) who state that the El Palmar unit shows a physiognomy of steppe with grasses and shrubs, with a scattered cover of small trees and some palms. Zucol et al (2005) describe a profile in El Palmar National Park with two clearly distinguishable phytolith assemblages.…”

Section: El Palmar Fm Fossil Assemblagessupporting

confidence: 92%

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Phytolith analysis in Quaternary fluvial deposits (El Palmar Formation-Late Pleistocene) of the Uruguay River valley, Entre Ríos province, Argentina

Patterer

Kröhling

Zucol

2020

Journal of South American Earth Sciences

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The phytolith assemblages of the El Palmar Formation (Late Pleistocene) are presented together with general stratigraphic and sedimentological data. The El Palmar Formation represents a channel system of the Uruguay river (South America) with longitudinal sandy gravel and gravelly sand bedforms, and associated floodplain deposits. The phytolith content of the unit was analyzed along the profiles on the right bank of the river in the middle reach (eastern Entre Ríos province, Argentina). Four outcropping profiles of the El Palmar Fm. were selected for detailed analyses: Santa Ana (Federación department), La Chola quarry, El Palmar National Park and Nueva Escocia (Colón department) localities. The herbaceous palaeoflora of the El Palmar Fm. is represented by mixed environments, such as meso-megathermic grassland with the presence of palm trees in a savanna ecosystem and micro-environments with aquatic plants and bamboo grasses that characterized a stratified forest in humid environments with high water availability. The reconstructed vegetation pattern is composed of a stratified gallery forest changing to temperate savanna, extended along the upper basin of the Uruguay river and occupying the river valley in the middle reach of the basin. The data contribute to the palaeobiodiversity knowledge of Quaternary fluvial sedimentary units of South America. In addition, the results give a better understanding of the evolutionary history of some vegetal communities, and especially the present palm trees of the El Palmar National Park reserve, as part of a relict flora that has inhabited the area since, at least, the Upper Pleistocene. The geological and micro-paleobotanical records of the El Palmar Fm. lead to the inference of general warm and humid conditions during most of the deposition of the formation, probably covering part of the last major interglacial period before the present (MIS 5).

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Section: El Palmar Fm Fossil Assemblagessupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The Palm tree Index (Pt) was applied. Patterer et al (2019) defined this phytolith index (Pt) as the ratio of the spheroid echinate phytolith morphotypes in relation to the sum of the grass phytoliths (Poaceae diagnostic short cells).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytolith analysis in Quaternary fluvial deposits (El Palmar Formation-Late Pleistocene) of the Uruguay River valley, Entre Ríos province, Argentina

Patterer

Kröhling

Zucol

2020

Journal of South American Earth Sciences

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“…Here, we assessed whether the geographical distribution of B. yatay changed over time and whether its past distribution is consistent with the Pleistocene refugia proposed for the South America flora (Whitmore & Prance, 1987) or fossil records of this species dated to the Upper Pleistocene (Patterer & Zucol, 2014;Patterer et al, 2017Patterer et al, , 2019. Additionally, we explored which variables determine the present distribution of B. yatay, using two approaches: bioclimatic-only and bioclimatic with nonclimatic variables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It grows in palm groves and displays complex spatial patterns (Batista et al., 2014 ; Marcato, 2004 ). Fossil records, based on phytoliths, link these palm communities to Upper Pleistocene formations of the Uruguay and Paraná Rivers (Patterer & Zucol, 2014 ; Patterer et al., 2017 , 2019 ). The phytoliths of these formations are derived from a humid savanna ecosystem with meso‐megathermic grasslands and open forests (Contreras et al., 2019 ; Erra et al., 2013 ; Patterer et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogeography and environmental preferences of Butia yatay (Mart.) Becc

Silva,

Solís Neffa,

Zuquim

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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During the Quaternary, Chaco Phytogeographic Domain (Chaco) flora in subtropical South America experienced temperature and humidity fluctuations, primarily driven by wind dynamics, leading to significant shifts in species distribution. The palm Butia yatay is endemic to the Chaco and thrives in areas characterized by a warm–rainy climate and mostly restricted to sandy soils. To investigate the current geographic distribution of suitable habitat for B. yatay while assessing the significance of soil variables, we employed two distinct algorithms in species distribution modeling (SDM). We also determined whether the distribution of B. yatay has changed since the Pleistocene and whether these changes align with previously proposed Pleistocene refugia. In the present SDMs, we considered two separate sets of predictors, one set with bioclimatic variables only and the other set with bioclimatic topographic and soil variables. Additionally, we reconstructed the historical geographic distribution of suitable habitats using bioclimatic data. Our results suggested that the primary determinants of B. yatay's current distribution include precipitation and temperature of the driest month and soil cation exchange capacity. Incorporating soil variables affected the estimated size and range of suitable areas. Projections into the past indicated similar suitable habitat distributions during interglacial periods compared with the present. During the Last Glacial Maximum, climatically suitable habitat may have shifted northward, partially overlapping with previously suggested Pleistocene refugia located between the Paraná and Uruguay Rivers. These findings indicate the main factors driving the distribution and ecology of B. yatay and enhance understanding of subtropical flora shifts during the Quaternary. The approach also may prove valuable for other studies within the Chaco.

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