Plant accumulation and transformation of brominated and organophosphate flame retardants: A review

Identification of Novel Organophosphate Esters in Hydroponic Lettuces (Lactuca sativa L.): Biotransformation and Acropetal Translocation

“…This would lead to a root uptake potential for OPEs that is a magnitude higher in hydroponic than in soil culture and a positive association among root concentration factors for OPEs, with their log K ow values observed in hydroponic cultivation; in contrast, the association was negative in soil culture due to the difference in bioavailability of OPEs caused by interactions with soil components. 23 Nevertheless, the hydroponic experiments help to avoid the influence of soil inhomogeneity and microbial activity thus focus on the root uptake and transformation potential. Most importantly, the different experimental setups seem to hardly impact the translocation behaviors within the plants.…”

“…14 However, the relationship between logarithmic octanol−water distribution coefficients (log K ow ) and plant uptake or translocation potential was less evident in pot experiments probably due to the influence of bioavailability and microbial transformation introduced by soil matrix. 23 Therefore, hydroponic experiments are advantageous in focusing on the uptake and transformation behaviors of OPEs at the interface between plant roots and the exposure environment, which makes the behaviors more predictable and comparable. Meanwhile, few studies have considered the influence of the tissue differences in root functions on the uptake and acropetal translocation of OPEs.…”

“…In hydroponic experiments, OPEs were more easily absorbed by roots and acropetal translocated with increasing hydrophilicity, which was consistent with the results of the field study . However, the relationship between logarithmic octanol–water distribution coefficients (log K ow ) and plant uptake or translocation potential was less evident in pot experiments probably due to the influence of bioavailability and microbial transformation introduced by soil matrix . Therefore, hydroponic experiments are advantageous in focusing on the uptake and transformation behaviors of OPEs at the interface between plant roots and the exposure environment, which makes the behaviors more predictable and comparable.…”

Phthalate Acid Esters in Soil, Plastic Shed Film, and Ginseng Tissues of Different Ages From Farmland: Concentration, Distribution, and Risk Assessment

“…Supplementary Table S11 and 2014) also reported that stem vegetables (celery and lettuce) and leaf vegetables (spinach, cabbage, and pot herb mustard) accumulated more PAEs than root vegetables (radish). Among other environmental pollutants, brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) were reported to be taken up by plants through partitioning to root lipids and through gaseous and particle-bound deposition to the leaves (Zhang et al, 2021). This result shows that discrepancies in plant tissue distribution indicated different absorption pathways of PAEs pollutants.…”

Treatment of emerging contaminants in simulated wastewater via tandem photo-Fenton-like reaction and nutrient recovery

“…29,30 Similarly, organophosphates are another increasingly common class of ECs that have detrimental effects on human health due to their environmental accumulation in soil, plants, and animal tissues. [31][32][33][34] Paraoxon-ethyl (p-OXN) has been reported to be a metabolite of parathion-ethyl, an organophosphate compound that is used as an insecticide. 35,36 Parathion is readily converted to paraoxon in the presence of sunlight.…”