Planning London’s green spaces in an integrated water management approach to enhance future resilience in urban stormwater control

Zhang, Ziyan; Paschalis, Alec; Mijic, Ana

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126126

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…9 For example, London plans to increase its green area to 50% by 2050 to improve the water management. 13 Performance-based urban design is a particularly effective strategy in rethinking the urban morphology for a better response to emergencies and extreme weather events with high uncertainty. 14,15 Urban performancebased criteria can be integrated in the urban design, including environmental performance (e.g.…”

Section: Urban Design Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban development in the context of extreme flooding events

Wang

Yu²,

Cao

2021

Indoor and Built Environment

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Section: Urban Design Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban development in the context of extreme flooding events

Wang

Yu²,

Cao

2021

Indoor and Built Environment

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“…Globally, more than 55% of the total population lives in urban areas (United Nations 2019). Increasing human activities and land-use changes due to urbanization lead to an increase in water demand (Kookana et al 2020), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions (Wiedenhofer et al 2013), surface flooding (Kaźmierczak and Cavan 2011, Shrestha et al 2021, Zhang et al 2021), as well as heat mortality risk (Ward et al 2016, Oke et al 2017. These threats can be exacerbated by the increased risk of extreme rainfall and drought events due to climate change (Semadeni-Davies et al 2008, McCarthy et al 2010, McDonald et al 2011, Miller and Hutchins 2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the co-benefits of urban greening coupled with rainwater harvesting management under current and future climates across USA cities

Zhang

Dobson²,

Moustakis³

et al. 2023

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Globally, urban areas face multiple challenges owing to climate change. Urban greening (UG) is an excellent option for mitigating flood risk and excess urban heat. Rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems can cope with plant irrigation needs and urban water management. In this study, we investigated how UG and RWH work together to mitigate environmental risks. By incorporating a new RWH module into the urban ecohydrological model Urban Tethys-Chloris (UT&C), we tested different uses of intervention approaches for 28 cities in the USA, spanning a variety of climates, population densities, and urban landscapes. UT&C was forced by the latest generation convection-permitting climate model simulations of the current (2001-2011) and end-of-century (RCP8.5) climate. Our results showed that neither UG nor RWH ,through the irrigation of vegetation, could significantly contribute to mitigating the expected strong increase in 2m urban canyon temperatures under a high-emission scenario. RWH alone can sufficiently offset the intensifying surface flood risk, effectively enhance water saving, and support UG to sustain a strong urban carbon sink, especially in dry regions. However, in these regions, RWH cannot fully fulfil plant water needs, and additional measures to meet irrigation demand are required to maximize carbon sequestration by urban vegetation.

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“…Urban green spaces, such as parks, gardens, and street trees, represent such a “natural capital” for cities (Willis & Petrokofsky, 2017). In addition to other co‐benefits (Fong et al., 2018; Z. Zhang et al., 2021), a crucial ecosystem service that green infrastructure can provide is the amelioration of urban climate (e.g., Winbourne et al., 2020), which is an urgent need for urban dwellers coping with the risk of extreme heat stress associated with global climate change (e.g., Raymond et al., 2020) and the urban heat island (UHI) effect (e.g., Manoli et al., 2019). While the ability of urban vegetation to reduce air and surface temperature is well known at the local scale (e.g., Winbourne et al., 2020), the heterogeneity of cities and the global variability of background climate, land management strategies, and vegetation characteristics, make it difficult to arrive at general conclusions on the cooling effect of city‐scale strategies aimed at increasing green cover.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urban green spaces, such as parks, gardens, and street trees, represent such a "natural capital" for cities (Willis & Petrokofsky, 2017). In addition to other co-benefits (Fong et al, 2018;Z. Zhang et al, 2021), a crucial ecosystem service that green infrastructure can provide is the amelioration of urban climate (e.g., Winbourne et al, 2020), which is an urgent need for urban dwellers coping with the risk of extreme heat stress associated with global climate change (e.g., Raymond et al, 2020) and the urban heat island (UHI) effect (e.g., Manoli et al, 2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

Urban Forests as Main Regulator of the Evaporative Cooling Effect in Cities

et al. 2021

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Higher temperatures in urban areas expose a large fraction of the human population to potentially dangerous heat stress. Green spaces are promoted worldwide as local and city‐scale cooling strategies but the amount, type, and functioning of vegetation in cities lack quantification and their interaction with urban climate in different settings remains a matter of debate. Here we use state‐of‐the‐art remote sensing data from 145 city clusters to disentangle the drivers of surface urban heat islands (SUHI) intensity and quantify urban‐rural differences in vegetation cover, species composition, and evaporative cooling. We show that nighttime SUHIs are affected mostly by abiotic factors, while daytime SUHIs are highly correlated with vegetation characteristics and the wetness of the background climate. Magnitude and seasonality of daytime SUHIs are controlled by urban‐rural differences in plant transpiration and leaf area, which explain the dependence of SUHIs on wetness conditions. Leaf area differences are caused primarily by changes in vegetation type and a loss of in‐city forested areas, highlighting the importance of maintaining “natural reserves” as a sustainable heat mitigation policy.

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Planning London’s green spaces in an integrated water management approach to enhance future resilience in urban stormwater control

Cited by 21 publications

References 89 publications

Urban development in the context of extreme flooding events

Urban development in the context of extreme flooding events

Assessing the co-benefits of urban greening coupled with rainwater harvesting management under current and future climates across USA cities

Urban Forests as Main Regulator of the Evaporative Cooling Effect in Cities

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