Planning a Cost-Effective Delay-Constrained Passive Optical Network for 5G Fronthaul

Fayad, Abdulhalim; Jha, Manish; Cinkler, Tibor; Rak, Jacek

doi:10.23919/ondm54585.2022.9782857

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…When evaluating the performance of our solutions, we considered various parameter values, which are shown in Table 6 . These values are chosen from multiple studies [ 25 , 27 , 37 , 51 ]. However, the aforementioned parameters can be easily changed based on the data set provided by the operator.…”

Section: Case Study and Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TWDM-PON, which combines the advantages of more wavelengths provided by WDM-PONs and a large number of users per wavelength provided by TDM-PONs, is regarded as the best option for meeting the NG-PON2 requirements. One of its primary applications is to handle mobile fronthaul streams with low latency and high capacity [ 24 , 25 ] and can support functional split options ranging from 1 to 6, 7.2, and 7.3 [ 19 ].…”

Section: Xran Architecture Developments and Fronthaul Enabling Techno...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors assessed the cost-effectiveness of using digital signal processing (DSP) assisted channel aggregation techniques in fronthaul links. In [ 25 ], we proposed an ILP formulation that optimizes the TCO for 5G using the CRAN architecture at various delay thresholds. We considered TWDM-PON as a fronthaul with different splitting ratios.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 6 depicts the model used to calculate the TCO value, as well as a breakdown of the Capex and Opex costs. This framework for cost assessment is derived from the TCO model described in [ 25 ]. The Capex and Opex will be described in detail in the following section, with the objective function to minimize the TCO of the network.…”

Section: Problem Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of Cost-Efficient Optical Fronthaul for 5G/6G Networks: An Optimization Perspective

Fayad

Cinkler

Rak

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Currently, 5G and the forthcoming 6G mobile communication systems are the most promising cellular generations expected to beat the growing hunger for bandwidth and enable the fully connected world presented by the Internet of Everything (IoE). The cloud radio access network (CRAN) has been proposed as a promising architecture for meeting the needs and goals of 5G/6G (5G and beyond) networks. Nevertheless, the provisioning of cost-efficient connections between a large number of remote radio heads (RRHs) in the cell sites and the baseband unit (BBU) pool in the central location, known as the fronthaul, has emerged as a new challenge. Many wired and wireless solutions have been proposed to address this bottleneck. Specifically, optical technologies presented by passive optical networks (PONs) are introduced as the best suitable solution for 5G and beyond network fronthaul due to their properties of providing high capacity and low latency connections. We considered time and wavelength division multiplexed passive optical networks (TWDM-PONs) as a fronthaul for 5G and beyond. Taking that into consideration, in this paper, we propose an integer linear program (ILP) that results in the optimal optical fronthaul deployment while minimizing the total cost of 5G and beyond instances. However, for larger network instances, solving the ILP problem becomes unscalable and time-consuming. To address that, we developed two heuristic-based algorithms (the K-means clustering algorithm and the one based on the genetic algorithm—GA). We evaluated the suitability of our proposed ILP and heuristic algorithms in simulations by utilizing them to plan different network instances (dense and sparse).

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Section: Case Study and Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Xran Architecture Developments and Fronthaul Enabling Techno...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Problem Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Design of Cost-Efficient Optical Fronthaul for 5G/6G Networks: An Optimization Perspective

Fayad

Cinkler

Rak

et al. 2022

Sensors

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…The performance of cloud-radio access network (C-RAN) which provides a high efficiency of processing, less consumption of power, and a high spectral efficiency is restricted by fronthaul link that interconnects the centralized baseband units (BBUs) with remote radio heads (RRHs) [10]. Therefore, to overcome the problems of the fronthaul link and to offer a high bandwidth and cost-effective fronthaul solutions, both analog and digital RoF techniques, and the bands of mm-wave frequency are attracting attention in both academia and industry [11]. In digitized RoF, different standards already exist, e.g., common public radio interface (CPRI) and open base station architecture initiative (OBSAI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a RoF fronthaul link based on optical generation of mm-waves for 5G C-RANs

Keti

Atroshey

Hamadamin

2023

IJEECS

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In this paper, a cloud-radio access networks based (C-RANs) radio-over-fiber (RoF) system have been reported with the optical generation of 28 GHz and 57 GHz millimeter-wave using phase modulation and stimulated Brillouin scattering effect in optical fibers. As a result, a cost-effective system with improved performance is achieved by the proposed method. Based on the proposed scheme, a 28 GHz (licensed band) and 57 GHz (Un-licensed band) optical millimeter-waves are generated by simulation only using 14 GHz and 16 GHz radio frequency (RF) respectively. Because the performance of any optical transmission system is limited by the Q factor and the bit error rate (BER) and any input power of the laser into the fiber needs to be less than the Brillouin threshold in order to avoid the sharp degradation of the Q factor. Also, the Brillouin threshold for this study setup is determined which is around 6 dBm in the case of licensed band and 2 dBm in the case of unlicensed band. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can provide 100 km single-mode fiber for 28 GHz and 25 km for 57 GHz with transmission rates of 10 Gbps for both of them. In addition, a stable millimeter-wave RoF link, high quality carriers, and a reduction in nonlinearity effects are achieved with the proposed scheme.

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Radio optical network based optimization in quantum computing for 5G wireless communication model

Zhang

2023

Opt Quant Electron

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Planning a Cost-Effective Delay-Constrained Passive Optical Network for 5G Fronthaul

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Design of Cost-Efficient Optical Fronthaul for 5G/6G Networks: An Optimization Perspective

Design of Cost-Efficient Optical Fronthaul for 5G/6G Networks: An Optimization Perspective

Design of a RoF fronthaul link based on optical generation of mm-waves for 5G C-RANs

Radio optical network based optimization in quantum computing for 5G wireless communication model

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