Planktivorous auklet <i>Ptychoramphus aleuticus</i> responses to ocean climate, 2005: Unusual atmospheric blocking?

Sydeman, William J.; Bradley, Russell W.; Warzybok, Pete; Abraham, Christine L.; Jahncke, Jaime; Hyrenbach, K. David; Kousky, Vernon E.; Hipfner, J. Mark; Ohman, Mark D.

doi:10.1029/2006gl026736

Cited by 161 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The ecological consequences of these changes are potentially severe. The low recruitment of the intertidal species reported here is consistent with lower-than-normal concentrations of zooplankton (17) in the northern CCLME. Reproductive failure of a planktivorous seabird, Cassin's auklet (Ptychoramphus aleuticus) in the CCLME during 2005 (17) is also a likely result of the chain of reductions at lower trophic levels in coastal food webs initiated by the reduced nutrients and phytoplankton at a critical time in the life history of coastal seabirds.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Delayed upwelling alters nearshore coastal ocean ecosystems in the northern California current

Barth

Menge

Lubchenco

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

297

267

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Wind-driven coastal ocean upwelling supplies nutrients to the euphotic zone near the coast. Nutrients fuel the growth of phytoplankton, the base of a very productive coastal marine ecosystem [Pauly D, Christensen V (1995) Nature 374:255-257]. Because nutrient supply and phytoplankton biomass in shelf waters are highly sensitive to variation in upwelling-driven circulation, shifts in the timing and strength of upwelling may alter basic nutrient and carbon fluxes through marine food webs. We show how a 1-month delay in the 2005 spring transition to upwelling-favorable wind stress in the northern California Current Large Marine Ecosystem resulted in numerous anomalies: warm water, low nutrient levels, low primary productivity, and an unprecedented low recruitment of rocky intertidal organisms. The delay was associated with 20-to 40-day wind oscillations accompanying a southward shift of the jet stream. Early in the upwelling season (May-July) off Oregon, the cumulative upwelling-favorable wind stress was the lowest in 20 years, nearshore surface waters averaged 2°C warmer than normal, surf-zone chlorophyll-a and nutrients were 50% and 30% less than normal, respectively, and densities of recruits of mussels and barnacles were reduced by 83% and 66%, respectively. Delayed early-season upwelling and stronger late-season upwelling are consistent with predictions of the influence of global warming on coastal upwelling regions.climate variability ͉ coastal marine ecosystems ͉ coastal ocean upwelling ͉ marine ecology E quatorward winds along the eastern boundaries of the world's oceans drive offshore surface Ekman transport and the upwelling of cold, nutrient-rich water into the euphotic zone near the coast. These nutrient pulses stimulate high phytoplankton production, which, in turn, supports a rich coastal marine ecosystem and productive fisheries (1). Examples of such dynamics include the California Current, the Humboldt Current, the Benguela Current, and the Canary Current (2).The strength and extent of the seasonal cycle in upwellingfavorable winds varies along the U.S. west coast. In the northern California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME), there is a strong seasonal cycle with upwelling-favorable winds, the appearance of cold, saline, nutrient-rich water near the coast, and equatorward currents over the shelf occurring after a spring transition (3). Alongshore winds in the northern CCLME are more variable than those farther south because they are more frequently influenced by eastward-traveling Gulf of Alaska low-pressure systems. The intermittent cessation of upwelling-favorable winds is called relaxation and plays an important role in coastal circulation and the recruitment of marine organisms † † . The timing of the spring transition and the total amount of upwelling-favorable winds during the spring-summer upwelling season have a considerable impact on coastal ecosystem responses. Farther south in the CCLME, winds are more persistently upwelling-favorable and the transition to a more productive spring-su...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Delayed upwelling alters nearshore coastal ocean ecosystems in the northern California current

Barth

Menge

Lubchenco

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

297

267

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In addition, owing to the prevalence of changes in the timing of seasonal coastal warming, phenological changes driven by current and future warming are likely to increase 51 . This might be problematic because effects in one species often cascade across trophic webs 36,52 and thus single-species perturbations often have broader ecological implications. It is undeniable that a more detailed exploration of the relation between the different regional or seasonal warming regimes and the distinct biotic responses is required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temperatures on these coasts are largely dominated by decadal changes in circulation patterns such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation 33,34 , which frequently alternate between contrasting warm and cold phases. Large-scale temperature fluctuations are important drivers on the biogeographic patterns observed on the Eastern pacific coast 35 , and while several studies have reported population and poleward range shifts associated with episodes of abnormally high SST 36,37 , others show that during cold phases species distributions may be driven in equatorialwards 33 , or may not change at all 38 .…”

Section: Global Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three decades of high-resolution coastal sea surface temperatures reveal more than warming

2012

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understanding and forecasting current and future consequences of coastal warming require a fine-scale assessment of the near-shore temperature changes. Here we show that despite the fact that 71% of the world's coastlines are significantly warming, rates of change have been highly heterogeneous both spatially and seasonally. We demonstrate that 46% of the coastlines have experienced a significant decrease in the frequency of extremely cold events, while extremely hot days are becoming more common in 38% of the area. Also, we show that the onset of the warm season is significantly advancing earlier in the year in 36% of the temperate coastal regions. more importantly, it is now possible to analyse local patterns within the global context, which is useful for a broad array of scientific fields, policy makers and general public.

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“…High dinoflagellate biomass during this period was not just a local phenomenon for the inshore region of the southern CCE. Dominant toxin-producing algal species in central California shifted from diatoms to dinoflagellates (Jester et al, 2009), and there were also reports of reduced zooplankton biomass, reduced seabird fecundity and altered marine mammal foraging in more northern waters (Peterson et al, 2006;Sydeman et al, 2006;Weise et al, 2006). Additionally, northern anchovy densities decreased significantly from 2005 to 2006 off the Oregon and Washington coast, and fatty acid biomarkers of northern anchovy, Pacific herring and whitebait smelt indicated that the food web in 2005 was mainly based on dinoflagellates, switching back to diatoms in 2006 (Litz, 2008;Litz et al, 2008).…”

Section: Community Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and spatial patterns of microbial community biomass and composition in the Southern California Current Ecosystem

Taylor

Landry

Selph

et al. 2015

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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a b s t r a c tAs part of the California Current Ecosystem Long Term Ecological Research (CCE-LTER) Program, samples for epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry (FCM) were collected at ten 'cardinal' stations on the California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) grid during 25 quarterly cruises from 2004 to 2010 to investigate the biomass, composition and size-structure of microbial communities within the southern CCE. Based on our results, we divided the region into offshore, and inshore northern and southern zones. Mixed-layer phytoplankton communities in the offshore had lower biomass (16 7 2 μg C L � 1 ; all errors represent the 95% confidence interval), smaller size-class cells and biomass was more stable over seasonal cycles. Offshore phytoplankton biomass peaked during the winter months. Mixed-layer phytoplankton communities in the northern and southern inshore zones had higher biomass (78722 and 32 79 μg C L � 1 , respectively), larger size-class cells and stronger seasonal biomass patterns. Inshore communities were often dominated by micro-size (20-200 μm) diatoms; however, autotrophic dinoflagellates dominated during late 2005 to early 2006, corresponding to a year of delayed upwelling in the northern CCE. Biomass trends in mid and deep euphotic zone samples were similar to those seen in the mixed-layer, but with declining biomass with depth, especially for larger size classes in the inshore regions. Mixed-layer ratios of autotrophic carbon to chlorophyll a (AC:Chl a) had a mean value of 51.57 5.3. Variability of nitracline depth, bin-averaged AC:Chl a in the mixed-layer ranged from 40 to 80 and from 22 to 35 for the deep euphotic zone, both with significant positive relationships to nitracline depth. Total living microbial carbon, including auto-and heterotrophs, consistently comprised about half of particulate organic carbon (POC).

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Planktivorous auklet Ptychoramphus aleuticus responses to ocean climate, 2005: Unusual atmospheric blocking?

Cited by 161 publications

References 26 publications

Delayed upwelling alters nearshore coastal ocean ecosystems in the northern California current

Delayed upwelling alters nearshore coastal ocean ecosystems in the northern California current

Three decades of high-resolution coastal sea surface temperatures reveal more than warming

Temporal and spatial patterns of microbial community biomass and composition in the Southern California Current Ecosystem

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