Planetary mills of periodic and continuous action

Фокина, Е. Л.; Budim, N. I.; Kochnev, V. G.; Chernik, G. G.

doi:10.1023/b:jmsc.0000039213.44891.7d

Cited by 37 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The energy density in these mills is 100-1000 times higher than the energy density used in earlier conventional milling equipment. 19 Mechanochemical vials or reactors and balls are available in different materials such as agate (SiO 2 ), silicon nitride, sintered corundum, zirconia (tetragonal ZrO 2 stabilized with Y 2 O 3 ), chrome steel, Cr-Ni steel, tungsten carbide, or polyamide. 14,15 The ball-to-powder ratio (BPR) (weight of the balls to the powder) has been varied by different investigators from a value as low as 1 : 1 to as high as B200 : 1.…”

Section: Mechanochemical Tools and How To Rule Themmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…225,227,228,244 Mechanochemically synthesised hexaferrites and substituted hexaferrites are useful materials for various applications. ZnRuand NiRu-substituted hexaferrite powders Ba(M) 2x Fe 12-2x O 19 rapidly diminished the coercivity to suitable values for highdensity magnetic recording applications. Alternatively, NiSn, SnRu, ZnRu, and NiRu mixtures showed a potential for application as materials for microwave absorption.…”

Section: Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…778b German scientists 78,792 tested the model reaction of benzene hydrogenation for catalytic activity of mechanically activated Ni and Co powders C 6 H 6 þ 3H 2 ! Ni;Co C 6 H 12 (19) The dependence of benzene conversion on reaction temperature is shown in Fig. 48.…”

Section: Heterogeneous Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hallmarks of mechanochemistry: from nanoparticles to technology

et al. 2013

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The aim of this review article on recent developments of mechanochemistry (nowadays established as a part of chemistry) is to provide a comprehensive overview of advances achieved in the field of atomistic processes, phase transformations, simple and multicomponent nanosystems and peculiarities of mechanochemical reactions. Industrial aspects with successful penetration into fields like materials engineering, heterogeneous catalysis and extractive metallurgy are also reviewed. The hallmarks of mechanochemistry include influencing reactivity of solids by the presence of solid-state defects, interphases and relaxation phenomena, enabling processes to take place under non-equilibrium conditions, creating a well-crystallized core of nanoparticles with disordered near-surface shell regions and performing simple dry time-convenient one-step syntheses. Underlying these hallmarks are technological consequences like preparing new nanomaterials with the desired properties or producing these materials in a reproducible way with high yield and under simple and easy operating conditions. The last but not least hallmark is enabling work under environmentally friendly and essentially waste-free conditions (822 references).

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Section: Mechanochemical Tools and How To Rule Themmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hallmarks of mechanochemistry: from nanoparticles to technology

et al. 2013

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“…The planetary ball mill is the most often used apparatus in these studies, which can provide a high energy density, producing high mechanical and mechanochemical activation in a relatively short milling time. 65 The attritor and the stirring mill are also involved in some studies. However, proper milling apparatus that can generate sufficient rotational speed (representing impact energy) for industrial applications should be developed, in view of the need of high efficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of mechanochemistry to metal recovery from second-hand resources: a technical overview

Wang

2015

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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In the context of huge imbalance between increasing demand for metals and the finiteness of metal resources in nature, recycling metal from second-hand resources, especially e-waste, is of great importance, to embrace the sustainability challenge. Inspired by its hundreds of uses in extractive metallurgy, mechanochemistry has been introduced to recover metals from waste since the 1990s. The mechanochemical recycling process is technically feasible to recover metals from waste in a high yield, such as Pb recovery from cathode ray tube (CRT) funnel glass, Li and Co recovery from lithium-ion batteries, rare earth recovery from fluorescent lamps. In recovery from LCD screens, Cu recovery from waste printed circuit boards and Au, Mo and Ni recovery from waste. Particle size reduction, specific surface area increase, crystalline structure decomposition and bond breakage have been identified as the main changes induced by the mechanochemical processes in the studies. Also, the activation energy required decreases and reaction activity increases, subsequently. This paper presents a technical overview of the applications of mechanochemistry to metal recycling from waste. The current application pattern, reaction mechanisms, equipment used, method procedures, and the future research direction are discussed in detail. This work presents the limitation of current mechanochemical application in metal recovery and gives a perspective of the future development of mechanochemistry as well.

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“…At the same time methods that used in practice could be divided on 4 groups: 1) mechanical desintegration [5][6], 2) cobalt extraction by physico-metallurgical technique (Zn method -melting together with Zn, and subsequent sublimation in vacuum) [7][8],…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regeneration of Hard Alloy Wastes by Low Energy Consumption and Environmentally Friendly Hydrothermal Technology

Korablov

2015

PCSS

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Hard alloys are indispensable material for many branches of modern industry. However, even with the base composition (WC-Co) they are quite expensive due to the limited natural resources of cobalt and the complexity of their production from the minerals. Therefore, the collection and recycling of hard alloys waste have not only scientific but practical importance, taking into account that the cost of production of 1 ton of alloy from recovered waste comes to 20% cheaper than in the core technology. Existing methods of hard alloys waste treatment have several disadvantages, the main of which are high power consumption and big load on the environment. As a result of this research a high-performance, low-energy consumption, eco-friendly way for recycling of hard alloys waste has been proposed. According to this technology, in a first step the WC powder, and the solution containing cobalt salts were obtained by autoclaving at 230 °C in a mixture of HCl-H 3 PO 4 -HNO 3 acids, and followed then metal cobalt recovery from hydrothermal solution at temperatures of 110 -160 °C.

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Planetary mills of periodic and continuous action

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Hallmarks of mechanochemistry: from nanoparticles to technology

Hallmarks of mechanochemistry: from nanoparticles to technology

Application of mechanochemistry to metal recovery from second-hand resources: a technical overview

Regeneration of Hard Alloy Wastes by Low Energy Consumption and Environmentally Friendly Hydrothermal Technology

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