Planetary Health: From the Wellspring of Holistic Medicine to Personal and Public Health Imperative

Prescott, Susan L.; Logan, Alan C.

doi:10.1016/j.explore.2018.09.002

Cited by 62 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Indeed, detractors independently labeled clinical ecology and holistic medicine as "cults" [30,31]. The planetary health concept promoted by Friends of the Earth-that health is predicated upon ecological well-being and that personal health involves planetary health-was now far outside mainstream medical practice [32].…”

Section: The Silomentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Ecology—Transforming 21st-Century Medicine with Planetary Health in Mind

Nelson¹,

Prescott

Logan³

et al. 2019

Challenges

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Four decades ago, several health movements were sprouting in isolation. In 1980, the environmental group Friends of the Earth expanded the World Health Organization definition of health, reminding citizenry that, “health is a state of complete physical, mental, social and ecological well-being and not merely the absence of disease—personal health involves planetary health”. At the same time, a small group of medical clinicians were voicing the concept of “clinical ecology”—that is, a perspective that sees illness, especially chronic illness, as a response to the total lived experience and the surroundings in which “exposures” accumulate. In parallel, other groups advanced the concept of holistic medicine. In 1977, the progressive physician-scientist Jonas Salk stated that “we are entering into a new Epoch in which holistic medicine will be the dominant model”. However, only recently have the primary messages of these mostly isolated movements merged into a unified interdisciplinary discourse. The grand, interconnected challenges of our time—an epidemic of non-communicable diseases, global socioeconomic inequalities, biodiversity losses, climate change, disconnect from the natural environment—demands that all of medicine be viewed from an ecological perspective. Aided by advances in ‘omics’ technology, it is increasingly clear that each person maintains complex, biologically-relevant microbial ecosystems, and those ecosystems are, in turn, a product of the lived experiences within larger social, political, and economic ecosystems. Recognizing that 21st-century medicine is, in fact, clinical ecology can help clear an additional path as we attempt to exit the Anthropocene.

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Section: The Silomentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Ecology—Transforming 21st-Century Medicine with Planetary Health in Mind

Nelson¹,

Prescott

Logan³

et al. 2019

Challenges

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“…Even broader and more comprehensive is the Planetary Health concept, which has only been noticed by the scientific community for a few years but was already discussed in the 1970s, and which explicitly considers the health effects of human activities on life in the biosphere [27]. "Planetary Health" corresponds to an attitude and philosophy towards life, focuses on people and not on diseases, and deals with the reduction of health inequalities due to income, education, gender and living environment with the objective to enable all people on the globe to enjoy the right to health and well-being, [28,29] in order to "leave no one behind" [30].…”

Section: Global or Planetary Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Health – emergence, hegemonic trends and biomedical reductionism

Holst

2020

Global Health

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Background: Global Health has increasingly gained international visibility and prominence. First and foremost, the spread of cross-border infectious disease arouses a great deal of media and public interest, just as it drives research priorities of faculty and academic programmes. At the same time, Global Health has become a major area of philanthropic action. Despite the importance it has acquired over the last two decades, the complex collective term "Global Health" still lacks a uniform use today.Objectives: The objective of this paper is to present the existing definitions of Global Health, and analyse their meaning and implications. The paper emphasises that the term "Global Health" goes beyond the territorial meaning of "global", connects local and global, and refers to an explicitly political concept. Global Health regards health as a rights-based, universal good; it takes into account social inequalities, power asymmetries, the uneven distribution of resources and governance challenges. Thus, it represents the necessary continuance of Public Health in the face of diverse and ubiquitous global challenges. A growing number of international players, however, focus on publicprivate partnerships and privatisation and tend to promote biomedical reductionism through predominantly technological solutions. Moreover, the predominant Global Health concept reflects the inherited hegemony of the Global North. It takes insufficient account of the global burden of disease, which is mainly characterised by noncommunicable conditions, and the underlying social determinants of health. Conclusions: Beyond resilience and epidemiological preparedness for preventing cross-border disease threats, Global Health must focus on the social, economic and political determinants of health. Biomedical and technocratic reductionism might be justified in times of acute health crises but entails the risk of selective access to health care. Consistent health-in-all policies are required for ensuring Health for All and sustainably reducing health inequalities within and among countries. Global Health must first and foremost pursue the enforcement of the universal right to health and contribute to overcoming global hegemony.

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“…For the teacher, in general, studies show that this preparation is even more challenging, as students [15,16] need to exchange information, experiences, and flexibility beyond traditional teaching standards. For this, teachers and students need to learn how to optimize existing resources and work as a team with other professions, reinforcing the importance of cross-disciplinary work [17][18][19].…”

Section: Class 1 -Students' Preparation For Gh Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One important skill that can be transferred during GH courses is the ability to interpret and visualize metrics used to characterize global health problems, including mortality and incidence health rates in a specified community, country, or region [16].…”

Section: Class 5 -Diversity Of the Topics Addressed In Ghmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Health Education Programs in the Americas: A Scoping Review

Mendes

Ventura

Queiroz

et al. 2020

Annals of Global Health

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Introduction Global Health (GH) refers to issues that transcend borders and national governments, demanding actions from global powers, which determine the health of different communities [1]. It involves knowledge, teaching, practice, and research on extraterritorial health issues which extrapolate national geographic borders [2]. GH teaching involves integrated courses, which can be offered within social sciences, considering the transnational aspects of health issues [3, 4] while valuing the context and local capacity to act. In the Americas, the interest in GH as an academic discipline has increased in the last decade. This is due to the growing acknowledgement of GH as a fundamental issue in health training, enabling undergraduate and graduate students to better understand the global priority agenda and its demands [5]. Human resources are central aspects for the success of GH strategies; however, there is no consensus on how to plan experiential activities to prepare students to act locally and globally and to serve as global health professionals. Furthermore, cultural diversities in the Americas (North, Central, and South) enrich GH teaching and may become a challenge for the different actors involved in these processes. This study aims to analyse approaches, characteristics, and challenges faced by educational programs on global health in the Americas. Methods This is a scoping review, with the aim of mapping relevant scientific production and gaps on a specific theme, in this case, education of health professionals [6], following this sequence: 1) identifying the research question; 2) finding relevant studies; 3) selecting the studies; 4) organizing the data; and 5) collating, summarizing, and reporting the results, according to The Joanna Brigs Institute for Scoping Reviews. The search strategy used was PICo (P: problem/population; I: intervention; Co: context), in which P: educational programs on global health; I: approaches, characteristics, and challenges; Co: Americas. This resulted in the following research question: What are the approaches, characteristics, and challenges faced by educational programs on global health in the Americas? The inclusion criteria were: primary studies, full text available in Spanish, Portuguese, or English and published up to November 2017. Book chapters, Master's and doctoral final reports, as well as other technical reports were included in the initial search. Data collection took place between November 2017 and March 2018.

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Planetary Health: From the Wellspring of Holistic Medicine to Personal and Public Health Imperative

Cited by 62 publications

References 77 publications

Clinical Ecology—Transforming 21st-Century Medicine with Planetary Health in Mind

Clinical Ecology—Transforming 21st-Century Medicine with Planetary Health in Mind

Global Health – emergence, hegemonic trends and biomedical reductionism

Global Health Education Programs in the Americas: A Scoping Review

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