Planetary Boundary Layer and aerosol interactions over the Indian sub-continent

Patil, M. N.; Patil, S. D.; Waghmare, R.T.; Dharmaraj, T.

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2014.02.007

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The declining trends in PBLH across Indian sub-regions during different seasons of the present study also agree with previous studies (Patil et al, 2013(Patil et al, , 2014Sudeepkumar et al, 2020;Budakoti and Singh, 2021). The reduction in the PBLH (ERA- 40, leads to a decrease in the vertical exchange of heat and moisture transport (Patil et al, 2013).…”

Section: Trendssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The reduction in the PBLH (ERA- 40, leads to a decrease in the vertical exchange of heat and moisture transport (Patil et al, 2013). The post-industrial (1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000) decade PBLH (ERA-40) is less than the pre-industrial decade (1961-1970) over the Indian subcontinent, which is mainly due to increased aerosol burden and greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere (e.g., Patil et al, 2014). The reduction rate in PBLH is 1.4 m per year during the postindustrial decade (Patil et al, 2014).…”

Section: Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining Planetary Boundary Layer Height Climatology, Trends, and Variability over India using High-Resolution Indian Reanalysis

Shukla,

Attada,

Pathaikara

2023

Preprint

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This work investigates the spatio-temporal variability of planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) characteristics by leveraging multi-decadal (1980–2019) data from India’s first high-resolution regional atmospheric reanalysis–IMDAA, in conjunction with ERA5 and MERRA-2. The spatial variability in the seasonal and annual climatological mean PBLH obtained from IMDAA agree well with ERA5 and MERRA-2, albeit with some inconsistencies. The IMDAA and ERA5 PBLH exhibits a high correlation (> 0.6) over entire India, and is also exhibits a significant positive (negative) correlation with MERRA-2 over northwest and central (southern and eastern) Indian regions. However, IMDAA tends to overestimate ERA5 PBLH ( ~ < 500 m) and underestimate MERRA-2 PBLH ( ~ > 500 m) during all seasons. Despite these discrepancies, IMDAA successfully captures the diurnal changes in PBLH similar to ERA5 and MERRA-2. Furthermore, the evaluation of IMDAA PBLH with other meteorological factors suggests that PBLH correlates negatively with relative humidity (RH), indicating a decrease in PBLH as RH increases. On the other hand, PBLH shows positive correlations with surface temperature and surface zonal winds. Surface sensible and latent heat flux exhibit positive and negative correlations with PBLH, respectively, over Indian sub-regions throughout all seasons. Moreover, IMDAA realistically represents the declining trend of PBLH (-1.1 to -76.2 m decade− 1) compared to ERA5 in India during all seasons. The results from IMDAA, in concurrence with other reanalyses, demonstrate that the decreasing trend in PBLH over India is associated with rising surface temperatures and weakening surface zonal winds. This trend is attributed to increasing latent heat flux and decreasing sensible heat flux. The changes in surface fluxes over India are attributed to the intensification of Indian monsoon rainfall in the last three decades. Moreover, El Niño appears to be an important control on PBLH variability over India during different seasons, which is realistically represented by IMDAA as in ERA5 and MERRA-2.

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Section: Trendssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Planetary Boundary Layer Height Climatology, Trends, and Variability over India using High-Resolution Indian Reanalysis

Shukla,

Attada,

Pathaikara

2023

Preprint

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“…The coupling of the PBL and the surface is largely modulated by turbulent exchange processes, including the intensive vertical mixing of momentum, water, heat, and air pollution between surface and troposphere (Li et al, ; Luan et al, ; Mao et al, ; Zhu et al, ). The role of aerosol in modulating the evolution of PBL has been increasingly appreciated due to the considerable radiative effect (Guo, Deng, et al, ; Li et al, ; Patil et al, ; Wang et al, ; Xu et al, ; Zheng et al, ), especially the dome effect caused by the absorbing aerosol (e.g., black carbon) that tends to stabilize the PBL (Ding et al, ; Jiang et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Relationship Between Aerosol and Boundary Layer Height in Summer in China Under Different Thermodynamic Conditions

Lou

Guo

Wang

et al. 2019

Earth and Space Science

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The observed relationships between boundary layer height (BLH) and PM2.5 on a national scale remain unclear due to the dearth of observations. Here we investigated this relationship from a unique perspective of thermodynamic stability in the planetary boundary layer (PBL), using summertime (June–August) soundings from China for the period from 2014 to 2017. For all three times of soundings (0800, 1400, and 2000 Beijing time [BJT]), positive (negative) PM2.5 concentrations anomalies were found to correlate with negative (positive) BLHs anomalies relative to daily means. The negative correlation was strongest at 1400 BJT, followed by 2000 BJT and 0800 BJT. Overall, the PM2.5 was found to nonuniformly anticorrelate with BLH across China at 0800 and 2000 BJT. The strongest anticorrelation occurred in the North China Plain at 1400 BJT, in sharp contrast to the much weaker correlation in other regions characterized by much less polluted regions. The averaged PM2.5 in neutral boundary layers was higher than that in convective boundary layers (CBLs). The CBL, where the anticorrelation was the strongest, was conducive to dissipating more aerosol in the heavily polluted area in China than neutral boundary layer. The higher CBL formed under low cloud cover, low surface humidity, and strong wind speed was favorable for the dispersion of aerosol, in contrast to the stable boundary layers that happen under the highest cloud cover. Also, positive correlation was seen between stable boundary layer and PM2.5. The findings call for attention that the thermodynamical condition of PBL should be considered when examining the aerosol‐PBL interactions.

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“…However, the model produces much higher SO 2 concentrations than the observations, most likely due to an overestimation of the emissions. Under the clean air policies, the SO 2 emission has declined by 62 % during 2010-2017 (Zheng et al, 2018), but the CMIP6 emissions do not capture this reduction, with 2014 SO 2 emissions being higher by 48 % when compared to the region-specific Multiresolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC) (Paulot et al, 2018). For the spatial distribution of ozone, the model is in good agreement with observations.…”

Section: Model Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 71%

A study of the effect of aerosols on surface ozone through meteorology feedbacks over China

Voulgarakis

Wang

et al. 2021

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Interactions between aerosols and gases in the atmosphere have been the focus of an increasing number of studies in recent years. Here, we focus on aerosol effects on tropospheric ozone that involve meteorological feedbacks induced by aerosol–radiation interactions. Specifically, we study the effects that involve aerosol influences on the transport of gaseous pollutants and on atmospheric moisture, both of which can impact ozone chemistry. For this purpose, we use the UK Earth System Model (UKESM1), with which we performed sensitivity simulations including and excluding the aerosol direct radiative effect (ADE) on atmospheric chemistry, and focused our analysis on an area with a high aerosol presence, namely China. By comparing the simulations, we found that ADE reduced shortwave radiation by 11 % in China and consequently led to lower turbulent kinetic energy, weaker horizontal winds and a shallower boundary layer (with a maximum of 102.28 m reduction in north China). On the one hand, the suppressed boundary layer limited the export and diffusion of pollutants and increased the concentration of CO, SO2, NO, NO2, PM2.5 and PM10 in the aerosol-rich regions. The NO/NO2 ratio generally increased and led to more ozone depletion. On the other hand, the boundary layer top acted as a barrier that trapped moisture at lower altitudes and reduced the moisture at higher altitudes (the specific humidity was reduced by 1.69 % at 1493 m on average in China). Due to reduced water vapour, fewer clouds were formed and more sunlight reached the surface, so the photolytical production of ozone increased. Under the combined effect of the two meteorology feedback methods, the annual average ozone concentration in China declined by 2.01 ppb (6.2 %), which was found to bring the model into closer agreement with surface ozone measurements from different parts of China.

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Planetary Boundary Layer and aerosol interactions over the Indian sub-continent

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

Examining Planetary Boundary Layer Height Climatology, Trends, and Variability over India using High-Resolution Indian Reanalysis

Examining Planetary Boundary Layer Height Climatology, Trends, and Variability over India using High-Resolution Indian Reanalysis

On the Relationship Between Aerosol and Boundary Layer Height in Summer in China Under Different Thermodynamic Conditions

A study of the effect of aerosols on surface ozone through meteorology feedbacks over China

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