Planar Reconfigurable Plasma Leaky-Wave Antenna with Electronic Beam-Scanning for MIMO Applications

Abstract

A planar leaky-wave antenna (LWA) based on the reconfigurable conductivity of the plasma is designed for MIMO applications with electronic beam scanning capability. 112-semi-elliptical ionized plasma gratings are encased by plexiglass grating filled with a noble gas. These gratings are printed on a metal-backed dielectric substrate with total dimensions of $$ L\times {W}_{s}\times h=241\times 262.5\times 2.67\, {\mathrm{mm}}^{3}$$ L × W s × h = 241 × 262.5 × 2.67 mm 3 . A coplanar fed printed Yagi-Uda like dipole antenna is integrated with the LWA to launch the required excitation waves. The radiated beam direction, gain, and the side lobe level are adjusted by controlling the periodicity of ionized/non-ionized plasma gratings. The antenna is compact in construction and has a high gain. A fan-shaped beam is obtained from the LWA semi-elliptical arrays with different aspect ratios. The effect of ON/OFF plasma periodicity configurations on the radiation characteristics at fixed frequency is investigated. At 10.1 GHz, the beam is electronically scanned from − 28 to 34° using different periodicities with high gain of 20 dBi and radiation efficiency of 74%. The mutual coupling between two LWA elements is investigated and is reduced to − 35 dB. Four LWA elements are arranged in MIMO structure for a high data rate application. The envelope correlation coefficient of 0.0002 and diversity gain of 9.9998 dB are achieved.

Wide Band Periodic 2D Leaky-Wave Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Application

“…The comparison is set separately since these antennas operate in different bands. This work achieves the widest scanning range along with [41], the lowest back-lobe and cross-polarization, and the second widest impedance bandwidth and 3-dB gain bandwidth. The noticeable higher gain achieved by other works is due to the very big electrical length of these works, which makes this work the most compact work in terms of size among the other 2D LWAs.…”

Single/ Multi Beam Antenna Using Genus Holographic Surface for MIMO Applications

“…However, this is not advisable to enhance integration efficiency and maintain consistent voltage levels. Different MIMO antennas were introduced in [4] [5] [6]. The compactness in the MIMO antenna is essential to reduce the form factor.…”

MCML-BF: A Metal-Column Embedded Microstrip Line Transmission Structure with Bias Feeders for Beam-Scanning Leakage Antenna Design

“…Two methods are commonly used in the production of fixed-frequency beam-scanning leakage antennas, i.e., loading active devices and utilizing tunable materials. The active device loading method mainly uses PIN diodes and varactor diodes [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. The diode based fixed-frequency scanning leakage antenna has the advantages of stable electromagnetic performance and low cost, but its main disadvantage is that it is not used in high frequency bands, and it cannot be used in millimeter bands or even higher frequency bands.…”