Placental zinc in normal and intra-uterine growth-retarded pregnancies

Malhotra, Ashok; Fairweather‐Tait, Susan J.; Wharton, Pamela; Gee, Harry

doi:10.1079/bjn19900147

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Placental zinc levels in our study were in agreement with previously reported levels in healthy women at the end of normal pregnan cies [14,33], We have additionally observed that placental zinc was slightly but significant ly lower in the group of women with higher maternal serum zinc at term, in agreement with the negative correlation between mater nal plasma zinc and placental zinc found by Adeniyi [12] at delivery after normal human pregnancy. This observation is consistent with a more favorable placental-fetal zinc diffusional gradient in mothers with higher se rum zinc.…”

Section: Effect O F Maternal Serum Zinc Levelssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Most studies on maternal-fetal transfer of zinc have related maternal and cord serum zinc, observing either a significant correlation [6,7] or no correlation [8][9][10], A few studies have measured maternal serum zinc in rela tion to other maternal indices of zinc status [11][12][13] and/or to placental zinc [12,14] and cord serum components [4] in normal preg nancies, but the physiological significance of variations in serum zinc in healthy pregnant women is still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal, Placental and Cord Zinc Components in Healthy Women with Different Levels of Serum Zinc

Zapata

Melo

Donangelo³

1997

Neonatology

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Serum zinc is known to decrease during pregnancy, but the range of individual values at the end of normal gestation may be considerably large, with uncertain physiological significance in terms of maternal zinc status and maternal-fetal transfer of zinc. In this study we compared several maternal and cord blood indices of zinc status, placental zinc, placental metallothionein and the relationship between maternal, cord and placental components, in 40 healthy pregnant women at delivery with different levels of serum zinc. Subjects were divided into three groups according to serum zinc using as cutoff points the lower and upper quartile values [LZn, < 7.6 µmol/l (n = 10); MZn, 7.6–10.7 µmol/l (n = 20), and HZn, > 10.7 µmol/l (n = 10)]. Habitual zinc intakes were similar in all groups (average 11.5 mg/day). Considering all women, maternal serum and erythrocyte zinc correlated significantly (r = 0.40; p = 0.021). Maternal erythrocyte zinc was higher (p < 0.01) in HZn compared to the other groups. Maternal and cord values of serum zinc correlated significantly (r = 0.43; p = 0.006). Cord serum zinc values were very similar in LZn and MZn but were higher (p < 0.01) in HZn. Cord erythrocyte zinc levels were similar in all groups and about 20–25% of the maternal values. Cord erythrocyte metallothionein levels were also similar in all groups and similar to maternal values. Comparing the percentage distribution of zinc in maternal and cord serum fractions, major differences were observed in HZn, with zinc in albumin fraction being 70% in cord compared to 56% in maternal serum. There was a higher (p < 0.01) percentage of zinc bound to α₂-macroglobulin fraction in maternal serum of HZn compared to maternal serum of the other groups. Maternal and cord zinc in the albumin fractions correlated significantly (r = 0.48; p = 0.002) particularly in HZn (r = 0.71; p < 0.021). Placental zinc correlated negatively (r = ––0.34; p = 0.035) with zinc in the maternal α₂-macroglobulin fraction, but did not relate to placental metallothionein, which had similar levels in all groups (average 0.28 nmol/g wet tissue). Placental zinc levels were lower (p < 0.01) in HZn. Our results indicate that high levels of maternal serum zinc in healthy women at delivery may be related to maternal tissue zinc redistribution that could favor diffusional components of maternal-fetal transfer of zinc.

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Section: Effect O F Maternal Serum Zinc Levelssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal, Placental and Cord Zinc Components in Healthy Women with Different Levels of Serum Zinc

Zapata

Melo

Donangelo³

1997

Neonatology

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“…198 1 ; Simmer & Thompson, 1985), low birth weight (Wells et al 1987;Malhotra et al 1990), and neural tube defects (Hinks et al 1989). In two double-blind Zn supplementation studies …”

Section: N F a N C Y A N D C H I L D H O O Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc Nutrition in Developing Countries

1994

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Table 1. Zinc?, phytic acidf and [phytate] : [zinc] molar ratios of some foods and composite dishes consumed in Ghana and Malawi Food, and scientific name or recipe Zn Cereals Maize flour, 95 ' YO extraction (Zea mays L.) Maize flour, 65 % extraction Maize bran Maize dough Sorghum flour (Sorghum bicofor (L.) Moench) Rice (Oryza sariva) Ground nuts, boiled (Arachis hypogaea L.) Ground nuts, flour Pigeon peas, fresh (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) Pigeon peas, dry Kidney beans, fresh (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Cowpeas, boiled (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Lima beans, fresh (Phaseolus lunatus L.) Bengal beans, fresh (Stizolobium aterrimum Piper & Tracey) Pumpkin leaf (Cucurbita maxima Duch. ex Lam.) Chinese cabbage (Brussica chinensis L.) Okra leaf (Hibiscus esculentus (L.)) Okra (Hibiscus esculentus (L.)) Cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Cocoyam leaves (Xanthosoma sp. Schott.) Amaranth leaves (Amaranth sp. L.) Roots and plantain (boiled) Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Yam (Dioscorea sp. L.) Cocoyam (Xanthosoma sp.) Cassava (Manihot sp.) Cassava dough, fermented Gari: dry fermented cassava, not boiled Plantain, ripe (Musa parudisiaca L.) Plantain, unripe (Musa purudisiaca L.) Water yam (Dioscorea alatu L.) Avocado pear (Persea americana Mill.) Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) Mango, raw (Mangifera indica L.) Chitumbuwa (mixture of water, maize flour and pounded bananas formed into a round cake and fried in oil) African bread (mixture of water, maize flour and bananas formed into a cake, wrapped in banana leaves and boiled until cooked) African cake (mixture of water, maize flour and sugar baked in tin can)

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“…Cord blood data of lipoproteins and Apo (18)(19)(20)(21) and minerals/trace elements (8,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26) are available, but information concerning their relationship is limited.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected trace elements and minerals in cord blood: association with lipids and lipoproteins at birth

Bastida

Vaquero

Veldhuizen

et al. 2000

SPAE

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Recent studies have found that some minerals are associated with lipoprotein metabolism, peroxidation and coronary heart disease. The present study was designed to obtain information on the relationship between the concentrations of minerals and trace elements and those of lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins (Apo) in cord blood. Seventy-nine healthy singleton normoweight full-term newborns without foetal distress according to Apgar scores were studied. The quartile distribution of neonates, according to serum concentrations of the different minerals studied, displayed significant differences in lipid values between infants in the lowest and highest quartiles of: magnesium, for HDL-cholesterol, Apo A-I, Apo B and the HDL-cholesterol/Apo A-I ratio; iron, for HDL-cholesterol and the HDL-cholesterol/Apo A-I ratio; copper, for triglycerides and the LDL-cholesterol/Apo B ratio. With the exception of calcium, several significant correlations were found between the minerals and trace elements and the lipids, Apo and lipoproteins tested.

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Placental zinc in normal and intra-uterine growth-retarded pregnancies

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Maternal, Placental and Cord Zinc Components in Healthy Women with Different Levels of Serum Zinc

Maternal, Placental and Cord Zinc Components in Healthy Women with Different Levels of Serum Zinc

Zinc Nutrition in Developing Countries

Selected trace elements and minerals in cord blood: association with lipids and lipoproteins at birth

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