Placental abruption and perinatal death

Abstract

Studies of risk factors for abruptio placentae (AP) are partly conflicting and studies of risk factors for perinatal death in these pregnancies are scarce. Using the population-based Swedish Birth Registry from 1987 to 1993, we were able to study these risks in 795,459 singleton pregnancies. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) for risk of AP and risk of perinatal death in pregnancies with and without AP. Risk factors for AP were: age, primiparity, high parity, not cohabiting with infant's father, low education, smoking, infertility, pregestational diabetes, essential hypertension, pregnancy-induced hypertensive diseases, preterm premature rupture of membranes, preterm birth and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births. Risk factors for perinatal death in pregnancies with placental abruption were smoking (1--9 and > or =10 cigarettes/day; OR 1.4 and 1.7 respectively), severe pre-eclampsia (OR 2.0) and SGA (OR 1.9), whereas in pregnancies without abruption, risks were also increased in maternal age > or =35 years, primiparity, infertility, essential hypertension and pregestational diabetes. These findings support the theory that, in cases of AP, a general impairment of the placenta and/or a defect placentation may be fatal.

Abruptio placenta: a retrospective study on maternal and perinatal outcome

“…4 Abruption is a significant cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Placental abruption may be total or partial, causing pain and vaginal bleeding-which are the hallmarks of placental abruption.…”

Fatores associados à morte neonatal em recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso em quatro maternidades no Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

“…Essa variável mostrou significância estatística apenas no modelo univariado e no ajustado com a variável CRIB. Kyrklund-Blomberg et al 11 e Barros et al 5 observaram uma relação inversa entre número de filhos e baixo peso ao nascer e óbito. As populações estudadas por esses autores continham todos as faixas de peso ao nascimento e não somente os recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso.…”

“…Os fatores maternos associados à mortalidade neonatal mais comuns são: a idade materna 3,5,7 ; o número de partos 3,5 ; as visitas ao pré-natal 3,9,10 ; as morbidades durante a gestação 11,12 ; o uso de fumo na gestação 5,13 ; o uso de corticosteróide antenatal 14,15,16 ; a corioamnionite 17,18 e a gemelaridade 14,19 .…”

Prospective follow up study of maternal and foetal outcome in abruption placenta

“…thrombophilic disorders, and polyhydramnios. 4,9,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] The objective of this study was to determine the frequency, risk factors for abruptio placentae and feto-maternal outcomes associated with abruptio placentae.…”