Placement Optimization of Multiple UAV Base Stations

Adam, Nadir; Tapparello, Cristiano; Heinzelman, Wendi; Yanıkömeroğlu, Halim

doi:10.1109/wcnc49053.2021.9417488

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…where erf(•) is the error function, and ρ = h 2 2γ 2 r 2 . As mentioned earlier, our model g r1 (•) in (20), is a more accurate representation of pr1 (•) compared to f r1 (•) in (17). Therefore, G(r, h|α, β, γ) is a more accurate estimate of the first-building-LoS probability compared to F (r, h|α, β, γ).…”

Section: Probability Of Los Estimation Using Parameterized Modelsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Closed Form Approximations for UAV Line-of-Sight Probability in Urban Environments

et al. 2023

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This paper presents a new approach to estimate the probability of line-of-sight (LoS) for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications. We provide lower and upper bounds on the probability of LoS in terms of what we call the first-building-LoS probability. We provide a statistical model for the ground distance to the first building along the line from the user to the UAV. Based on this we provide a general formula for the first-building-LoS probability for urban environments where the building heights follow a Rayleigh distribution. We show that the first-building-LoS probability is a good estimate for the probability of LoS. Our closed-form formulas estimate the probability of LoS significantly more accurately than the existing approaches. We also obtain closed-form estimates of Area Line-of-Sight Probabilities for a scenario in which the UAV provides coverage to a circular region on the ground.

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Section: Probability Of Los Estimation Using Parameterized Modelsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Closed Form Approximations for UAV Line-of-Sight Probability in Urban Environments

et al. 2023

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“…Closed-form formula for height optimization Figures 17,18,19,and 20 show the accuracy of our proposed formula (18), which gives a relationship between optimal height and maximum allowable path loss, for the four different urban environments, at a carrier frequency of 2 GHz where the transmit power is fixed and does not change with height. We can see that our proposed formula closely matches Monte-Carlo simulations.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Many papers have used the probability of LoS models from References 9‐14 when addressing specific problems of UAV communications, including 4,15‐34 . As such, they all suffer from the inaccuracy of those models, from either making 1D geographical approximations or assuming totally randomised building location models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While this provides a mathematical form that is amenable to analysis, it can be far from an accurate model, since, in practice, the link will either be LoS or non‐LoS (NLoS), not an average of the two. This approach of averaging the path‐loss has been taken almost universally, including in References 4,5,15,17‐22,24,26‐31. Two exceptions are References 33 and 34 however they suffer from the fact that they used the inaccurate model for probability of LoS from Reference 9.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new connectivity model for unmanned aerial vehicle communications and flying height optimization

Mohammed

Collings

Hanly

2023

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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This paper presents a new connectivity model for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications. We present closed‐form formulas for the probability of line‐of‐sight as a function of UAV height and distance to a ground based receiver, based on a two‐dimensional model of building and UAV locations. We show that our formulas exactly match Monte‐Carlo simulated values, whereas the existing approach over‐predicts by a factor of 2 to 3. We use the model to optimize the flying height for a UAV deployed as a mobile base station, where the goal is to maximize the number of possible connected users. We observe that the optimal height has a log‐linear characteristic. We use this to present a closed‐form formula for optimal height. We show that our techniques predict the height within 4% of realistic Monte‐Carlo simulations, and significantly outperform existing approaches which are shown to over‐predict by 40%–50%.

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“…Zhang et al [10] tackle the problem of gNB placement trying to minimize the outage probability by studying a regular, Manhattan style urban topology, while Haile et al [2] use an approach similar to ours, for NLoS communications. Another branch of research focuses on the placement of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) base stations [11] but has different requirements compared to our problem.…”

Section: A Cellular Network Coveragementioning

confidence: 99%

On Cost-Effective, Reliable Coverage for LoS Communications in Urban Areas

Gemmi

Cigno

Maccari

2022

IEEE Trans. Netw. Serv. Manage.

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The use of ultra high frequencies in 5G and future networks to improve transmission speeds and capacity requires that users' equipment remain in Line of Sight with the access antennas most of the service time. This requirement implies a change in perspective to plan the coverage: Antennas cannot be placed on roofs or remote antenna sites, and a robust coverage is based on multi-antenna visibility from any point. This paper tackles the problem of public street coverage in urban areas with a data-driven methodology. Starting from 3D digital maps, we formalize the problem of antenna placement as a set coverage problem and leverage powerful heuristics to implement a general algorithm that allows the exploration of different policies, returning the detailed coverage, the antenna placement, and the cost of the coverage. Results on 15 areas in 3 Italian cities show the properties of different policies and confirm for the first time on large scale real data the feasibility of Line of Sight communications with a sustainable number of antennas per km 2 .

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Placement Optimization of Multiple UAV Base Stations

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Closed Form Approximations for UAV Line-of-Sight Probability in Urban Environments

Closed Form Approximations for UAV Line-of-Sight Probability in Urban Environments

A new connectivity model for unmanned aerial vehicle communications and flying height optimization

On Cost-Effective, Reliable Coverage for LoS Communications in Urban Areas

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