Pituitary Tumor Suppression by Combination of Cabergoline and Chloroquine

Lin, Shao Jian; Wu, Ze Rui; Cao, Lei; Zhang, Yong; Leng, Zhi Gen; Guo, Yu; Shang, Han Bing; Zhao, Wei; Zhang, Xun; Wu, Zhe

doi:10.1210/jc.2017-00627

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…If patients are resistant or intolerant to one DA, a switch to another DA is recommended. Recently, Lin et al [23] reported that the combination of cabergoline and chloroquine may also be an alternative treatment option. Surgery is associated with a higher risk of morbidity due to possible complications of hypopituitarism and should be offered to patients who do not respond to different DA, even in high doses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Features and Response to Treatment of Prolactinomas in Children and Adolescents: A Retrospective Single-Centre Analysis and Review of the Literature

et al. 2018

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Background: Paediatric prolactinomas are rare. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and outcome of paediatric patients with prolactinomas. Methods: In this single-centre retrospective analysis, clinical, biochemical, and radiological features of all paediatric patients with pituitary adenomas diagnosed between 2000 and 2016 were evaluated. Results: Among 21 patients with pituitary adenomas, 12 patients with prolactinomas (median age 14.2 years, range 11–16.6 years, 8 females, 4 males) were identified (7 macro- and 5 microprolactinomas). The most common clinical symptoms were headaches (67%) and pubertal delay (67%). All patients with macroprolactinomas with prolactin concentrations >10,000 mU/L had at least 1 pituitary hormone deficiency. Cabergoline as first-line treatment (n = 11, median follow-up of 37 months, range 12–89 months) induced normoprolactinemia (n = 8), reduced the mean tumour volume by 80%, and ameliorated headaches (p = 0.016) and pubertal delay (p = 0.031), whereas intermittent moderate side effects occurred in 55%. Conclusion: Adolescents with headaches and pubertal delay should be investigated for prolactinomas. Treatment with cabergoline is well tolerated and effective in reducing clinical symptoms and prolactin concentrations was well as inducing tumour shrinkage. Further clinical prospective studies are needed to standardize paediatric treatment modalities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Features and Response to Treatment of Prolactinomas in Children and Adolescents: A Retrospective Single-Centre Analysis and Review of the Literature

et al. 2018

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“…Western blot (WB) assays was performed as previously described ( 30 ). Briefly, we prepared cell extracts for Western blotting in RIPA buffer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognosis Analysis and Validation of m6A Signature and Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Glioma

Lin

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Oncol.

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Glioma is one of the most typical intracranial tumors, comprising about 80% of all brain malignancies. Several key molecular signatures have emerged as prognostic biomarkers, which indicate room for improvement in the current approach to glioma classification. In order to construct a more veracious prediction model and identify the potential prognosis-biomarker, we explore the differential expressed m 6 A RNA methylation regulators in 665 gliomas from TCGA-GBM and TCGA-LGG. Consensus clustering was applied to the m6A RNA methylation regulators, and two glioma subgroups were identified with a poorer prognosis and a higher grade of WHO classification in cluster 1. The further chi-squared test indicated that the immune infiltration was significantly enriched in cluster 1, indicating a close relation between m 6 A regulators and immune infiltration. In order to explore the potential biomarkers, the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), along with Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), between high/low immune infiltration and m 6 A cluster 1/2 groups were utilized for the hub genes, and four genes ( TAGLN2, PDPN, TIMP1, EMP3) were identified as prognostic biomarkers. Besides, a prognostic model was constructed based on the four genes with a good prediction and applicability for the overall survival (OS) of glioma patients (the area under the curve of ROC achieved 0.80 (0.76–0.83) and 0.72 (0.68–0.76) in TCGA and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), respectively). Moreover, we also found PDPN and TIMP1 were highly expressed in high-grade glioma from The Human Protein Atlas database and both of them were correlated with m6A and immune cell marker in glioma tissue samples. In conclusion, we construct a novel prognostic model which provides new insights into glioma prognosis. The PDPN and TIMP1 may serve as potential biomarkers for prognosis of glioma.

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“…A single study showed that chloroquine, an old drug used in malaria treatment, enhanced cabergoline-induced autophagy and apoptosis in prolactinoma cells in vitro [113]. The same paper also investigated two animal models in which chloroquine increased tumor suppression, allowing cabergoline to exert its effects at a lower dose.…”

Section: Other Pharmacologic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopamine agonist resistant prolactinomas: any alternative medical treatment?

Souteiro

Karavitaki

2019

Pituitary

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Consensus guidelines recommend dopamine agonists (DAs) as the mainstay treatment for prolactinomas. In most patients, DAs achieve tumor shrinkage and normoprolactinemia at well tolerated doses. However, primary or, less often, secondary resistance to DAs may be also encountered representing challenging clinical scenarios. This is particularly true for aggressive prolactinomas in which surgery and radiotherapy may not achieve tumor control. In these cases, alternative medical treatments have been considered but data on their efficacy should be interpreted within the constraints of publication bias and of lack of relevant clinical trials. The limited reports on somatostatin analogues have shown conflicting results, but cases with optimal outcomes have been documented. Data on estrogen modulators and metformin are scarce and their usefulness remains to be evaluated. In many aggressive lactotroph tumors, temozolomide has demonstrated optimal outcomes, whereas for other cytotoxic agents, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and for inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), higher quality evidence is needed. Finally, promising preliminary results from in vitro and animal reports need to be further assessed and, if appropriate, translated in human studies.

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Pituitary Tumor Suppression by Combination of Cabergoline and Chloroquine

Abstract: The data suggest that combined use of CAB and CQ may increase clinical effectiveness in treatment of human pituitary adenomas, as well as other cancers, making it an attractive option in tumor and cancer therapies.

Cited by 31 publications

References 39 publications

Clinical Features and Response to Treatment of Prolactinomas in Children and Adolescents: A Retrospective Single-Centre Analysis and Review of the Literature

Clinical Features and Response to Treatment of Prolactinomas in Children and Adolescents: A Retrospective Single-Centre Analysis and Review of the Literature

Prognosis Analysis and Validation of m6A Signature and Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Glioma

Dopamine agonist resistant prolactinomas: any alternative medical treatment?

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