Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide in the retina: focus on the retinoprotective effects

Atlasz, Tamás; Szabadfi, Krisztina; Kiss, P.; Rácz, Bóglárka; Gallyas, Ferenc; Tamás, Andrea; Gaál, Valéria; Márton, Zsuzsanna; Gábriel, Róbert; Reglődi, Dóra

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05512.x

Cited by 77 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Intraocular PACAP injection markedly attenuated diabetic retinal injury: increased levels of the anti-apoptotic p-Akt, p-ERK1, p-ERK2, PKC, Bcl-2, while decreased levels of the pro-apoptotic p-p38MAPK and activated caspases (8,3,12) were detected. The number of apoptotic cells increased in all nuclear layers of diabetic retinas, but signifi cantly decreased after PACAP treatment.…”

Section: Diabetic Retinopathy In the Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of PACAP in the Retina

Atlasz

Vaczy

Werling

et al. 2016

Current Topics in Neurotoxicity

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Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a widespread neuropeptide that is well known for its general cytoprotective effects in different neuronal injuries, such as traumatic brain and spinal cord injury, models of neurodegenerative diseases, and cerebral ischemia. PACAP and its receptors also occur in the retina. In this review, we summarize the retinoprotective effects of PACAP. In vitro, PACAP is protective against glutamate, thapsigargin, anisomycin, oxidative stress, UV light, high glucose, infl ammation, and anoxia. Both the neural retina and the pigment epithelial cells can be protected by PACAP in various experimental paradigms. In vivo, the protective effects of intravitreal PACAP treatment have been shown in the following models in rats and mice: excitotoxic injury induced by glutamate, N -methyl-D -aspartate (NMDA) or kainate, ischemic injury induced by carotid artery ligation and high intraocular pressure, degeneration caused by UV-A light, optic nerve transection, and streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy as well as retinopathy of prematurity. Molecular biological methods have revealed that PACAP activates anti-apoptotic, while inhibits pro-apoptotic signaling pathways, and it also stimulates an anti-infl ammatory environment in the retina. Altogether, PACAP is suggested to be a potential therapeutic retinoprotective agent in various retinal diseases.

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Section: Diabetic Retinopathy In the Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of PACAP in the Retina

Atlasz

Vaczy

Werling

et al. 2016

Current Topics in Neurotoxicity

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“…PACAP is known to protect the retina against a variety of insults [56]. In particular, a neuroprotective effect of PACAP against retinal ganglion cell loss induced by ischemia following high intraocular pressure in the rat has been reported recently [57].…”

Section: Neuropeptides As Anti-ischemic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since retinal neuronal damage in ischemic conditions is likely to depend, at least in part, by excessive glutamate release, it is interesting to note that PACAP protects against NMDA induced retinal damage [59]. In general, PACAP acts by activating antiapoptotic and inhibiting proapoptotic signaling pathways in the retina [56]. Indeed, the retinoprotective effects of PACAP are not phenotype-specific, but it rather influences general cytoprotective pathways irrespective of the neuronal subtypes in the retina subjected to the effects of ischemia [60].…”

Section: Neuropeptides As Anti-ischemic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neuropeptide Systems and their Potential Role in the Treatment of Mammalian Retinal Ischemia: A Developing Story

Cervia¹,

Casini²

2013

Current Neuropharmacology

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The multiplicity of peptidergic receptors and of the transduction pathways they activate offers the possibility of important advances in the development of specific drugs for clinical treatment of central nervous system disorders. Among them, retinal ischemia is a common clinical entity and, due to relatively ineffective treatment, remains a common cause of visual impairment and blindness. Ischemia is a primary cause of neuronal death, and it can be considered as a sort of final common pathway in retinal diseases leading to irreversible morphological damage and vision loss. Neuropeptides and their receptors are widely expressed in mammalian retinas, where they exert multifaceted functions both during development and in the mature animal. In particular, in recent years somatostatin and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide have been reported to be highly protective against retinal cell death caused by ischemia, while data on opioid peptides, angiotensin II, and other peptides have also been published. This review provides a rationale for harnessing the peptidergic receptors as a potential target against retinal neuronal damages which occur during ischemic retinopathies.

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“…It attenuates retinal damage in excitotoxic, ischemic, traumatic, and UV light-induced retinal degeneration (Atlasz et al, 2010;Varga et al, 2011). Several lines of evidence suggest that PACAP might have therapeutic potential in the treatment of diabetes (Yamamoto et al, 2003) because of its effects on insulin secretion protection during b cell damage induced by various insults.…”

Section: P1005mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…s0230 4.2.2 Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide p1000 Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a member of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)/secretin/glucagon peptide superfamily, is a neuropeptide with highly potent neuroprotective and general cytoprotective effects. PACAP and its receptors (PAC1, VPAC1, and VPAC2) occur in the retina (Atlasz et al, 2010), specifically in all retinal layers except the photoreceptors (Seki et al, 2000).…”

Section: P0995mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropeptides, Trophic Factors, and Other Substances Providing Morphofunctional and Metabolic Protection in Experimental Models of Diabetic Retinopathy

Szabadfi

Pintér

Reglődi

et al. 2014

International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology

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show abstract

Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide in the retina: focus on the retinoprotective effects

Cited by 77 publications

References 72 publications

Protective Effects of PACAP in the Retina

Protective Effects of PACAP in the Retina

The Neuropeptide Systems and their Potential Role in the Treatment of Mammalian Retinal Ischemia: A Developing Story

Neuropeptides, Trophic Factors, and Other Substances Providing Morphofunctional and Metabolic Protection in Experimental Models of Diabetic Retinopathy

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