Piperonal: The Journey so Far

Abstract

<jats:sec> <jats:title>:</jats:title> <jats:p>Piperonal, an important aromatic aldehyde containing the benzene ring fused to 1, 3-dioxolane moiety, is widely occurred in nature and known for its fragrance similar to vanillin and cherry. Alterations in its structural features led to the access of a wide range of piperonal derivatives viz. pyrazolines, chalcones, benzothiazepines, benzoxazoles, triazoles etc. having remarkable pharmacological properties like antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic, antitubercular activities etc. Therefore, the present study has been designed to highlight the progress made in the area of piperonal and its derivatives till date with respect to their synthesis and pharmacological activities. This may facilitate the synthesis of more novel derivatives with improved biological activities. Various search engines like google, Pubmed, Scopus etc. were used to gather the related information using different keywords. </jats:p> </jats:sec>

Improvement in the Stability and Enzymatic Activity of Pleurotus sapidus Lipoxygenase Dissolved in Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADESs)

“…Piperonal (3,4-methylenedioxybenzaldehyde or heliotropin) is an aromatic aldehyde of high interest in the fragrance and flavor industry. It has a sweet, flowery, vanilla-like odor and is present in small amounts in vanilla pods [6,7]. Commercial piperonal was first obtained through alkaline pyrolysis of piperine and oxidation via potassium permanganate, but its price was prohibitively high.…”

Piperonal synthase from black pepper (Piper nigrum) synthesizes a phenolic aroma compound, piperonal, as a CoA-independent catalysis

“…It is also a precursor for several synthetic drugs such as tadalafil (Cialis ® ) [ 2 ]. Piperonal has the potential to be used as a therapeutical compound due to its diverse pharmaceutical activities, such as antitubercular, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, and antimicrobial activities [ 3 ]. For example, piperonal was reported to prevent the accumulation of hepatic lipids and to upregulate insulin signaling molecules in mice under a high-fat diet to deter the occurrence of hyperlipidemia syndrome [ 4 , 5 ].…”

“…Piperonal can be chemically synthesized to meet industrial demand with the following method: partial photocatalytic oxidation of piperonyl alcohol [ 6 ] and the chemical cleavage of piperine (or piperic acid) [ 7 ]. It is also supplied from different plant species such as vanilla, dill, and black pepper [ 3 ]. In black pepper, piperonal accumulates in the peppercorns [ 8 ].…”

Co-Electrodeposited Pi-MnO2-rGO as an Efficient Electrode for the Selective Oxidation of Piperonyl Alcohol

“…Aldehydes are important functional groups in organic chemistry that find various industrial applications, especially in perfumes, cosmetics, solvents, flavouring agents, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. 1,2 Piperonal, also identified as heliotropin, is one such aldehyde that has gained importance due to its wide array of applications, particularly in fragrances and flavoring agents. 3,4 The plant species like vanilla, dill, and black pepper are some of the rich sources of piperonal.…”