Piloting the Australian magnesium process

Jenkins, David H.; Sheehan, G. J.; Frost, M. T.

doi:10.1179/174328509x431427

Cited by 5 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(4 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This was followed by the design and construction of a 1500 tpa Demonstration Plant at Gladstone in Queensland, Australia, to produce magnesium metal. 1 At the front end of the AM process, purified magnesium chloride leach liquor (MgCl 2 ) plus recycled ethylene glycol (C 2 H 4 (OH) 2 ) solution are added to a train of dehydration columns (Figure 1). The ethylene glycol replaces the water as solvent for the magnesium chloride solute for recovery of an essentially water-free MgCl 2 -C 2 H 4 (OH) 2 solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ethylene glycol replaces the water as solvent for the magnesium chloride solute for recovery of an essentially water-free MgCl 2 -C 2 H 4 (OH) 2 solution. 1 During operation of the CMPP, a precipitate was observed to form on the packing below the feed point of the No. 1 dehydration column.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Between 1993 and 1994, the Australian Magnesium Corporation (AMC) built a batch minipilot plant and a continuous minipilot plant (CMPP) to test the unit operations of the Australian Magnesium (AM) process. This was followed by the design and construction of a 1500 tpa Demonstration Plant at Gladstone in Queensland, Australia, to produce magnesium metal …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schematic diagram of the front end of the AM process. EG refers to ethylene glycol (after Jenkins et al).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Solid−Liquid Phase Diagram for the System MgCl₂−H₂O−C₂H₄(OH)₂ at 333 K

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper uses experimentally determined solid-liquid phase relation studies within the MgCl 2 -H 2 O-C 2 H 4 (OH) 2 ternary system to identify the origin of scale which formed in the packing of the dehydration column of the Australian Magnesium (AM) process for producing anhydrous magnesium chloride. The scale formed during dehydration of a purified magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ) leach liquor plus recycled ethylene glycol (C 2 H 4 (OH) 2 ) solution. Experiments at 333 K showed the following phase fields present: a liquidonly phase region (Liq T ); three two-phase regions T + Liq T , MgCl 2 · 6H 2 O + LiqR, and MgCl 2 · 3[C 2 H 4 (OH) 2 ] + Liq ; plus two three-phase regions MgCl 2 · 6H 2 O + T + LiqR and MgCl 2 · 3[C 2 H 4 (OH) 2 ] + T + Liq . The compositions LiqR and Liq represent liquid compositions that extend a small distance into the ternary from the invariant points A and B located along the respective MgCl 2 -H 2 O and MgCl 2 -C 2 H 4 (OH) 2 binaries, while T represents a ternary phase of composition MgCl 2 · 2H 2 O · 2[C 2 H 4 (OH) 2 ]. An additional four threephase regions were predicted based on the existence of known crystalline phases. These included: MgCl 2 · 6H 2 O + T + MgCl 2 · 4H 2 O, MgCl 2 · 4H 2 O + T + MgCl 2 · 2H 2 O, MgCl 2 · 2H 2 O + T + MgCl 2 , and MgCl 2 + T + MgCl 2 · 3[C 2 H 4 (OH) 2 ]. The ternary compound was identified as the solid that precipitated within the dehydration column. Additional testwork between (293 and 363) K indicated that the position of the solid-liquid boundary was relatively insensitive to temperature changes.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schematic diagram of the front end of the AM process. EG refers to ethylene glycol (after Jenkins et al).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Solid−Liquid Phase Diagram for the System MgCl₂−H₂O−C₂H₄(OH)₂ at 333 K

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The shape of the solid−liquid boundary is unusual in that it is not a simple curved boundary extending from NH 3 examine the stability of HEX at 323 K and in the presence of small amounts of water, the solid−liquid phase boundary in Figure 1 is considered to closely represent Liq T compositions likely to be present in the AM process where water contents in the nominally anhydrous MgCl 2 /C 2 H 4 [OH] 2 solutions are typically on the order of 400−600 ppm H 2 O. 13 Solid−Liquid Equilibration Experiments. Twenty bulk compositions, including some duplicates, were prepared to determine the solid/liquid phase relations in the ternary.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Anhydrous Magnesium Chloride: Solid–Liquid Phase Diagram for the System MgCl₂–NH₃–C₂H₄[OH]₂ at 323 K

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ammoniated magnesium chloride hexammoniate compound (HEX) is the key precursor phase required for the production of anhydrous magnesium chloride by the Australian Magnesium (AM) process. It is produced by direct ammoniation of MgCl2-saturated ethylene glycol solutions at 323 K. To determine the conditions required to form HEX, the C2H4[OH]2-rich part of the MgCl2–NH3–C2H4[OH]2 system was investigated at 323 ± 0.5 K. Seven phase regions were determined. These were: NH3(g)+LiqT, HEX+LiqT+NH3(g), HEX+LiqT, HEX+T+LiqT, T+LiqT, MgCl2·3EG+T+LiqT, and LiqT. The symbol T represents a ternary compound of composition MgCl2·2NH3·2C2H4[OH]2, and LiqT represents a ternary liquid phase. To produce only hexammoniate in the AM process, bulk ammonia levels need to be maintained at levels of greater than about (11 to 13) % (w/w) NH3. At lower ammonia levels, the formation of T-phase is promoted, resulting in coprecipitation of HEX and T-phase.

show abstract