Pilot study for the presence of fungal metabolites in sheep milk from first spring milking

Piątkowska, Marta; Sulyok, Michael; Pietruszka, Katarzyna; Panasiuk, Łukasz

doi:10.2478/jvetres-2018-0026

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This is the first study indicating traces of this emerging mycotoxin in blue mould cheese made of cow milk. A recent paper by Polish researchers based on HPLC-MS/MS method revealed low levels of ENN B (0.0055-0.0121 µg kg −1 ) in eighteen out of the total of twenty tested samples of sheep milk [35]. Taking into account the recent report by Tolosa et al (2019) of ENN B as the most common emerging mycotoxin in animal feed [36], it is possibly worth to continue studies of emerging Fusarium mycotoxins in food and feed, including foods of animal origin, such as dairy products.…”

Section: The Occurrence Of Mycotoxins In the Tested Blue Cheesesmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Occurrence and Dietary Exposure Assessment of Mycotoxins, Biogenic Amines, and Heavy Metals in Mould-Ripened Blue Cheeses

Reinholds

Ruško

Pugajeva

et al. 2020

Foods

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The occurrence and dietary exposure assessment of 16 mycotoxins, 6 biogenic amines (BAs), and 13 metallic elements in blue-veined cheeses (n = 46) is reported. Co-occurrence of mycophenolic acid (≤599 µg·kg−1) with roquefortine C (≤5454 µg·kg−1) was observed in 63% of the tested cheeses, while BAs were frequently present at concentrations between 0.2 and 717 mg kg−1. The concentrations of heavy metals in cheeses were very low. Chronic/acute exposure assessment based on consumption data from different European populations indicated that the levels of mycotoxins and heavy metals are safe to consumers, whereas, rather high hazard indexes (HI up to 0.77) were determined for BAs according to the worst-case scenario based on high consumption and 95th percentile occurrence. A more detailed acute dietary intake study indicated that histamine and tyramine were predominant among these BAs, reaching 27 and 41% of the acute oral intake reference doses.

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Section: The Occurrence Of Mycotoxins In the Tested Blue Cheesesmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Occurrence and Dietary Exposure Assessment of Mycotoxins, Biogenic Amines, and Heavy Metals in Mould-Ripened Blue Cheeses

Reinholds

Ruško

Pugajeva

et al. 2020

Foods

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“…The carry-over of ENs and BEA from feed to animal-derived products is possible, as traces of these mycotoxins have been found in laying hens' ENN B is currently the most often detected in unprocessed and processed grains from European countries [20,44,45]. The carry-over of ENs and BEA from feed to animalderived products is possible, as traces of these mycotoxins have been found in laying hens' eggs, in some tissues of broilers and turkeys [46], and in milk [47]. This possibility could pose a health risk for consumers and makes further investigation necessary, especially because legal maximum levels and tolerable daily intake have yet to be established for these mycotoxins in any type of food commodity, probably because of limited data available about their toxicity, concentration levels, and occurrence [48].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot Study: Does Contamination with Enniatin B and Beauvericin Affect the Antioxidant Capacity of Cereals Commonly Used in Animal Feeding?

Serra

Salvatori

Pastorelli

2021

Plants

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Increasing consumption of cereals has been associated with reduced risk of several chronic diseases, as they contain phytochemicals that combat oxidative stress. Cereal contamination by the “emerging mycotoxins” beauvericin (BEA) and enniatins (ENs) is a worldwide health problem that has not yet received adequate scientific attention. Their presence in feeds represents a risk for animals and a potential risk for humans because of their carry-over to animal-derived products. This preliminary study aimed to investigate if the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of corn, barley, and wheat flours could be influenced by contamination with increasing levels of BEA and ENN B. The highest TAC value was observed in barley compared with wheat and corn (p < 0.001) before and after contamination. No effect of mycotoxin or mycotoxin level was found, whereas cereal x mycotoxin exhibited a significant effect (p < 0.001), showing a lower TAC value in wheat contaminated by ENN B and in barley contaminated by BEA. In conclusion, barley is confirmed as a source of natural antioxidants with antiradical potentials. Additional studies with a larger sample size are necessary to confirm the obtained results, and investigations of the toxic effects of these emergent mycotoxins on animals and humans should be deepened.

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“…The carry-over of these substances into milk may also be possible. Piatkowska et al (2018) [128] detected low levels of EN B in 18 out of 20 samples of sheep milk with the average concentration of 7.8 ± 1.7 ng/kg. Carry-over of ENs and BEA from food to milk has been also documented in recent human studies [129][130][131], where low amounts of BEA (5.4.ng/L), EN A (20.1-51.1 ng/mL) and B (90.7-110.3 ng/mL) were detected.…”

Section: Occurrence Of Beauvericin and Enniatins In Foods Of Animal Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Feedborne Mycotoxins Beauvericin and Enniatins and Livestock Animals

Křížová

Dadáková

Dvorackova

et al. 2021

Toxins

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Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several species of fungi, including the Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Penicillium species. Currently, more than 300 structurally diverse mycotoxins are known, including a group called minor mycotoxins, namely enniatins, beauvericin, and fusaproliferin. Beauvericin and enniatins possess a variety of biological activities. Their antimicrobial, antibiotic, or ionoforic activities have been proven and according to various bioassays, they are believed to be toxic. They are mainly found in cereal grains and their products, but they have also been detected in forage feedstuff. Mycotoxins in feedstuffs of livestock animals are of dual concern. First one relates to the safety of animal-derived food. Based on the available data, the carry-over of minor mycotoxins from feed to edible animal tissues is possible. The second concern relates to detrimental effects of mycotoxins on animal health and performance. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the relation of minor mycotoxins to livestock animals.

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Pilot study for the presence of fungal metabolites in sheep milk from first spring milking

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

The Occurrence and Dietary Exposure Assessment of Mycotoxins, Biogenic Amines, and Heavy Metals in Mould-Ripened Blue Cheeses

The Occurrence and Dietary Exposure Assessment of Mycotoxins, Biogenic Amines, and Heavy Metals in Mould-Ripened Blue Cheeses

Pilot Study: Does Contamination with Enniatin B and Beauvericin Affect the Antioxidant Capacity of Cereals Commonly Used in Animal Feeding?

Feedborne Mycotoxins Beauvericin and Enniatins and Livestock Animals

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