Pilot scale soda-anthraquinone pulping of palm oil empty fruit bunches and elemental chlorine free bleaching of resulting pulp

Sharma, Arvind Kumar; Anupam, Kumar; Swaroop, Vinay; Lal, Priti Shivhare; Bist, Vimlesh

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.03.095

Cited by 41 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Brightnesses were 89.2 and 90.7 % ISO for a conventional and a modified ECF sequences, respectively. Although Sharma et al [30] recently reported on a pilot process of EFB soda-AQ cooking for ECF bleaching, we obtained higher brightness pulps with less dosage of ClO 2 in this study. According to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI Standard) [31], where 6.2 cP viscosity, 94 % a-cellulose, and 88 % ISO brightness are required as minimum levels for rayon, these results indicate a potential for the production of DP from EFB by using a combination of prehydrolysis, soda-AQ cooking, and the modified ECF bleaching.…”

Section: Effect Of Bleaching Sequencecontrasting

confidence: 57%

Preparation of dissolving pulp from oil palm empty fruit bunch by prehydrolysis soda-anthraquinone cooking method

et al. 2015

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Abundant waste agricultural residues such as oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) can provide alternative sources of biomass for producing furfural. The aims of this study were to propose a method of preparing furfural and dissolving pulp (DP) from EFB using prehydrolysis with nitric acid, and to examine how the prehydrolysate, which contains xylan, can be used for furfural production. The furfural yield in the nitric acid prehydrolysate was increased to 6.2% of the EFB material weight by dehydration with an acid catalyst. Nitric acid prehydrolysis followed by soda cooking under atmospheric pressure was also applied to the preparation of DP. The obtained pulp was then bleached by using peroxymonosulfuric acid (Psa), chlorine dioxide (D0, D1), and hydrogen peroxide (Ep) in the elementary chlorine-free Psa-D0-Ep-D1 sequence. The pulp demonstrated a brightness of 90.4% ISO and a viscosity of 6.5 cP, which met the National Standard of Indonesia, although the xylan content was a little high and the α-cellulose content was 83.0%.

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Section: Effect Of Bleaching Sequencecontrasting

confidence: 57%

Preparation of dissolving pulp from oil palm empty fruit bunch by prehydrolysis soda-anthraquinone cooking method

et al. 2015

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“…Cellulose is a very strong natural polymer, as shown by the fact that it is the building component of long fibrous cells, and it has been extensively applied in the paper, textile, food, and coating industries (Edgar et al 2001;Azeredo 2009). Major sources of cellulose are cotton (Morais et al 2013), jute (Jahan et al 2011), wood (Abe et al 2007;Mikhailidi et al 2014), hemp (Wang et al 2007), soy hulls (Alemdar and Sain 2008), pineapple leaf (Cherian et al 2010;Santos et al 2013), rice husk (Johar et al 2012), mengkuang leaves (Sheltami et al 2012), and empty fruit bunches (Sharma et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Microcelluloses Isolated From Two Different Biomasses with Commercial Cellulose

Owi¹,

Ong²,

Sam³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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e Microcelluloses (MCs) were chemically isolated from two different biomass sources, empty fruit bunches (EFB) and sugarcane bagasse (SCB). The resulting MCs were compared to the commercially available cellulose (MCSigma) that was used as a standard. Structural, crystalline, morphological, and thermal properties of all specimens were characterized and compared by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). FTIR analysis verified that the chemical treatments removed non-cellulosic constituents including hemicelluloses and lignin. XRD patterns revealed the crystallinity increment from 43.1% to 52.1% for MC-EFB and 38.9% to 52.4% for MC-SCB. SEM images demonstrated the fibrillar structure of both MC-EFB and MC-SCB, and their surfaces were smoother compared with MC-Sigma. From the TG curves, MC-EFB provided the highest thermal stability, as it had the highest maximum degradation temperature at 345 °C. DSC results showed only one endothermic peak for all specimens. Taken together, these results reasonably confirmed that the MCs from EFB and SCB are comparable to standard MC-Sigma.

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“…If the raw material of the pulp is made from wood, the wood logs are first tumbled in drums, a process called debarking to remove the bark (Bajpai, 2010). The raw materials are then sent to grinders, a process called chipping which breaks it down into chips (Sharma et al, 2015). The chips are shifted to a sequence of screens based on the required thickness and length to ensure continuous flow by uniform cooking in the digesters.…”

Section: Raw Materials Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical pulping uses chemicals with appropriate heat and pressure chemical contents to break down the wood pulp (Sharma et al, 2015). The lignin and other materials of the inter fibre matrix material, as well as the lignin in the fibre walls, are dissolved by this process.…”

Section: Pulp Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rushdan (2003) studied the semi-chemical pulping of EFB using the treatments of soda or sulfate by the soda-anthraquinone process. Sharma et al (2015) developed pilot scale soda-anthraquinone pulping of palm oil EFB using chlorine-free pulp bleaching. In other research, Risdianto et al (2016) investigated the lipase pretreatment which was applied prior to the EFB pulp cooking process to reduce the frequency of stain on the paper produced.…”

Section: Pulp Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulp and paper production from oil palm empty fruit bunches: A current direction in Malaysia

2020

JAFE

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The pulp and paper industry is advanced rapidly since there are many types of raw materials containing cellulose fibres that could be used to produce different kinds of paper by different methods in the mills. In Malaysia, one of the abundant non-wood materials for pulp and paper production is empty fruit bunch (EFB) from the oil palm. The EFB is the main fibrous residue and natural fibre which has promising potential as an alternative to replace woody materials. This study provides insight into the use of EFB as an alternative non-wood fibre resource in pulp and paper making. The potential of oil palm EFB transformed into valuable fibre material was elaborated. In this review, detailed information on the properties of EFB for pulp and paper making process to identify the chemical composition and fibre morphology were discussed. Recent advanced applications including nanocellulose from EFB, polymeric hydrogel, and antimicrobial papers were discussed to demonstrate high commercialization for pulp and paper technology. The three-dimensional (3D) printing technique has been employed due to the high complexity of paper products. The future trends and challenges regarding the use of EFB in pulp and paper making were also reviewed. This study demonstrated that the EFB has met the demand of the market chains as a potential raw material in paper making and manufacturing.

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Pilot scale soda-anthraquinone pulping of palm oil empty fruit bunches and elemental chlorine free bleaching of resulting pulp

Cited by 41 publications

References 25 publications

Preparation of dissolving pulp from oil palm empty fruit bunch by prehydrolysis soda-anthraquinone cooking method

Preparation of dissolving pulp from oil palm empty fruit bunch by prehydrolysis soda-anthraquinone cooking method

Comparative Study of Microcelluloses Isolated From Two Different Biomasses with Commercial Cellulose

Pulp and paper production from oil palm empty fruit bunches: A current direction in Malaysia

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