Pigment production by Fusarium solani BRM054066 and determination of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties

Abstract

The fungal kingdom has been widely studied as a source of bioactive compounds of interest to the pharmaceutical and food industry. This paper studies the production of natural red pigments by Fusarium solani BRM054066 in the submerged fermentation system, using Doehlert experimental design to determine optimal cultivation conditions. The chemical composition of the red pigment was determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Antioxidant activity was assessed by the ability to sequester of free radical DPPH. In the analysis of anti-inflammatory activity, murine peritoneal macrophages activated by LPS were used, and the gene expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 was determined using qPCR. As a result, it was found that agitation at 200 rpm and glucose concentration ≥ 20 g/L promote the best results in the production of red pigment. The chemical compounds identified were two naphthoquinones, fusarubin and dihydrofusarubin, and an anthraquinone, a bostrycoidin, being fusarubin the majority compound. The red pigment showed antioxidant activity by scavenge 50% of the DPPH radical, in a concentration of 24 µg/mL. The pigment also showed an effective anti-inflammatory capacity by reducing the overexpression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and promoting the production of anti-inflammatory IL-10 and IL-17, in murine macrophages activated by LPS (p < 0.05). According to the results, the fungus F. solani BRM054066, under optimized conditions of cultivation, proved to be a promising source of biologically active natural pigments with wide industrial applicability.

Safety Evaluation of Fungal Pigments for Food Applications

“…They produce a wide range of fungal pigments that are structurally and functionally diverse. However, among the Fusarium sp., Fusarium graminearum (red naphthoquinone pigment, r ubrofusarin ) [ 40 ], Fusarium fujikuroi (orange carotenoids pigment, fusarubin) [ 43 , 69 ] and Fusarium oxysporum (red naphthoquinone pigment, bikaverin) [ 44 ] are the major pigment-producing fungi. Secondary metabolites from these fungi contain numerous toxic compounds, viz., fumonisins, zearalenone, fusaric acid, fusarins and beauvericins [ 70 ].…”

Utilização do bagaço de malte da indústria cervejeira como substrato para produção de pectinase por cogumelos / Utilization of beer spent grain from the brewing industry as substrate for mushroom pectinase production

“…para produção de pectinase com substratos alternativos, uma variação de 0.7 U/mL a 9.4 U/mL pode ser verificada (Díaz-Godínez et al, 2016;Inácio et al, 2015;Pereira et al, A produção de metabólitos primários e secundários por microrganismos sob fermentação submersa é fortemente influenciada pelo meio de cultura e as condições físicas, como agitação e temperatura (Jatav et al, 2012). A agitação tem por objetivo oxigenar o meio e consequentemente oferecer oxigênio ao microrganismo ( (Menezes et al, 2020). Neste trabalho, a agitação teve influência na produção de pectinase por ambos os fungos.…”

Orange-Brown Pigment Production from an Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus Sp. N11 and its Potential Pharmaceutical Applications

“…Endophytic micro-organisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae are the main source of various natural products having bioactive potential. These secondary metabolites include pigments (Julistiono et al 2021), antioxidants (da Silva et al 2020), anticancer, anti-in ammatory and antimicrobial compounds (Menezes et al 2020;Mishra et al 2021;Tang et al 2020). Thousands of endophytic isolates have been identi ed having potential properties and are being used in different industries.…”