Pig and guinea pig skin as surrogates for human in vitro penetration studies: A quantitative review

Barbero, Ana M.; Frasch, H. Frederick

doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2008.10.008

Cited by 295 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Furthermore, a variation in human skin permeability has been reported even among specimens (inter-individual variations) and within samples from one specimen or individual (intra-individual variations). Generally, the inter-individual variation in human skin permeability is higher than the intra-individual variation [1,3,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, a large variation has been found among human skin specimens as a result of differences in age, race, and anatomical donor site [3,4,6,9,23,25,27,[29][30][31]. Therefore, the -Original-large variation in human skin permeability is a point of concern and the most important problem in the use of human skin for the development of transdermal formulations [1,3,18,28,31,36]. Furthermore, a variation in human skin permeability has been reported even among specimens (inter-individual variations) and within samples from one specimen or individual (intra-individual variations).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Usefulness of Rat Skin as a Substitute for Human Skin in the in Vitro Skin Permeation Study

et al. 2011

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Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats are broadly used in preclinical studies for drug development, so a lot of information for the rats can be obtained especially from pharmacokinetic, pharmacological and toxicological studies. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether SD rat skin can be used to predict human skin permeability. In vitro permeation studies of the three model drugs, nicorandil, isosorbide dinitrate, and flurbiprofen, through human skin and SD rat skin were performed using Franz-type diffusion cells. The permeation rates of the three model drugs through human skin and SD rat skin were determined, and their variations were evaluated. The inter-individual variations in SD rat skin permeability of the three model drugs were much lower than that in human skin permeability, although the permeation rates of the three model drugs through the SD rat skin were about twice those through human skin. In addition, no difference in the skin permeability coefficients of the three model drugs was obtained between fresh SD rat skin and frozen SD rat skin. The markedly smaller variation in the permeability through SD rat skin compared with that through human skin indicated that in vitro permeation studies using SD rat skin would be especially useful for evaluating differences in the skin permeability of the three model drugs as well as for predicting human skin permeability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usefulness of Rat Skin as a Substitute for Human Skin in the in Vitro Skin Permeation Study

et al. 2011

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“…The role of SC thickness Differences in skin permeability among species have been compared through skin structural features such as thickness of the various layers, number of cell layers and hair follicle anatomy (Barbero & Frasch, 2009). It has been long recognized that the main barrier to percutaneous absorption was SC and its thickness increased with animal size (Niazy, 1996).…”

Section: The Role Of Sc On Percutaneous Penetration Of Mtzmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, varied researches of attempts to relate permeability with skin structure might owe to the fact that gross or macro anatomical structural features had been studied, but recent years more attention focused on specific permeation pathways to relating micro-level structural features to skin penetration (Barbero & Frasch, 2009). Two main pathways for transdermal penetration were normally considered (although additional alternative pathways were proposed in the study of Prausnitz et al, 2004) either via SC through the intercellular lipid lamellae or through cutaneous appendages, i.e.…”

Section: The Transfer Pathway Through Scmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical skin targeting effect of penetration modifiers on hairless mouse skin, pig abdominal skin and pig ear skin

Guo

Liu

et al. 2013

Drug Delivery

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Objective: This study was to investigate the topical skin targeting effects and mechanism of combination penetration modifiers of 1,2-hexanediol (or 1,2-heptanediol) and 1,4-cyclohexanediol on transdermal absorption of metronidazole (MTZ) in different skin models. Methods: Six formulations were applied to pig abdominal skin and pig ear skin models, respectively, and the results were compared with the previous data on hairless mouse skin worked out by our laboratory. Four parameters (flux, T lag , Q 24 and targeting ratio) were used to evaluate permeability and targeting effect in skin. Results: The combined penetration modifiers played a general role on decreasing permeability without reducing skin retention. The most significant skin permeability decrement to MTZ was pig abdominal skin (permeability decrement was $20% for hairless mouse skin, 60% for pig abdominal skin and 40% for pig ear skin, respectively) while the strongest skin targeting effect appeared in hairless mouse skin (targeting ratios were 1.79 for hairless mouse skin, 1.24 for pig abdominal skin and 1.05 for pig ear skin, respectively) under the role of penetration modifiers. Conclusions: Thickness of stratum corneum (SC) was the major factor impact on skin targeting effect. Selection criteria of skin models also have been discussed in this study.

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“…Animal skin, such as hairless rat, pig, rabbit, and shed snake skin, has been generally used as an alternative. [6][7][8][9][10] Snakes shed their skins periodically, allowing the skin membrane to be obtained without killing the animals. Multiple shed skins can be acquired from the same individual snake.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Mechanism of Skin Enhancing Surfactants on the Biomembrane of Shed Snake Skin

Wonglertnirant

Ngawhirunpat

Kumpugdee-Vollrath

2012

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of different surfactants at various concentrations as a skin penetration enhancer through the biomembrane of the shed skin of Naja kaouthia. Additionally, the enhancer mechanism(s) of each class of surfactants were evaluated using physical characterization techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and small and wide angle X-ray scattering (SWAXS). Our results showed that skin permeability increased with increasing concentrations of surfactants and the degree of increase was higher for the model hydrophilic permeant, deuterium dioxide (D 2 O), than the lipophilic permeant, ketoprofen (KP). Ionic surfactants, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), demonstrated higher enhancement ability than the polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan mono-oleate (Tween 80) non-ionic surfactant, which was consistent with the results from physical characterization studies. Increasing amounts of permeated drug resulted in an increase in membrane interactions. From our observations, it can be assumed that SLS and CTAB can be localized inside the biomembrane and thereby enhance drug permeation mainly through interactions with intercellular lipids in the stratum corneum (SC) and the creation of a perturbed microenvironment among lipid alkyl chains and polar head groups.Key words surfactant; shed snake skin; enhancer mechanism; permeation; attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; small-wide angle X-ray scattering The barrier function of the skin resides in the stratum corneum (SC), the outermost layer of the skin. Its multilayered wall-like structure contains terminally differentiated keratin-rich epidermal cells that are embedded in an intercellular lipid-rich matrix.

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Pig and guinea pig skin as surrogates for human in vitro penetration studies: A quantitative review

Cited by 295 publications

References 97 publications

Usefulness of Rat Skin as a Substitute for Human Skin in the in Vitro Skin Permeation Study

Usefulness of Rat Skin as a Substitute for Human Skin in the in Vitro Skin Permeation Study

Topical skin targeting effect of penetration modifiers on hairless mouse skin, pig abdominal skin and pig ear skin

Evaluation of the Mechanism of Skin Enhancing Surfactants on the Biomembrane of Shed Snake Skin

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