Piezoelectricity

Synthesis and characterization of thick PZT films via sol–gel dip coating method

“…Reducing the tetragonal lattice distortion to the value of 1.9% is an indication of the PZT solid solution approaches toward the morphotropic phase boundary by adding 0.5 molar ratio of DEA [29]. The result also demonstrates the positive role of DEA in diminishing the hydrolysis rates of titanium and zirconium alkoxides.…”

Role of rubidium cation substitution in the A-site of sodium bismuth titanate ceramics

“…Homogeneous strain for the rhombohedral lattice with the diagonal of the unit cell as polar axis (i.e. rhombohedral distortion -by the deviation of the angle a from 90°), can be found as d = p/2 -a [20]. Deviation of the angle a from 90°is obtained from triple hexagonal cell values using the formula cosa = ((c 2 /a 2 ) -3/2)/((c 2 / a 2 ?…”

“…For the rhombohedral phase, remnant polarization can be calculated by P r ffi 8ð1=4 þ 3=4gÞ ffiffi ffi d p [20]. In the rhombohedral phase, when d remains small, the mobility g is increased and the number of domain walls are decreased.…”

Enhancement of the inverse method enabling the material parameter identification for piezoceramics

“…Within these equations, there are three tensors determining the properties of the piezoceramics: tensor for elastic stiffness constants c E ; tensor for electric permittivity components ε S ; tensor of piezoelectric coefficients [e]. For a transversal isotropic piezoceramic material (material class 6mm) which is commonly utilized in sensor and actuator devices, the three tensors are defined as (Voigt notation; superscript t for transposed) [1], [2] …”

“…Due to their outstanding properties, piezoceramic materials are frequently employed in sensor and actuator devices [1], [2]. In order to develop as well as optimize the design of these devices, numerical simulations are conducted.…”