Piezoelectric properties of calcium-modified lead titanate and its application in underwater transducers

Abstract

The dielectric and piezoelectric properties of a calcium-modified PbTiO3 ceramic were determined as a function of pressure from 0 to 70 MPa by using an acoustic reciprocity technique. The transverse piezoelectric coefficients (d31, g31) of this material are very small, which results in high values of hydrostatic gh (=g33+2g31) and dh (=d33+2d31) constant. Consequently, the material is considerably more sensitive than lead zirconate titanate (PZT). Measurements of the resonance properties of this ceramic indicated that it is suitable for use in a high-frequency underwater transducer. Prototype transducers were designed and constructed. The free-field voltage sensitivity was measured over the frequency ranges 1–100 kHz and from 200 kHz–2 MHz. The results of these measurements are compared with those obtained from existing high-frequency hydrophone standards. Since this material is a volume expander, it is very useful for electroacoustic transducer applications.

Microstructure and electron properties of Sm modified lead calcium titanate ceramics

“…These modified PbTiO 3 ceramics show large piezoelectric anisotropy at room temperature. This large anisotropic electromechanical property makes these ceramics very promising for special piezoelectric applications such as ultrasonic imaging devices [20] and underwater hydrophones [21]. The addition of calcium or samarium into PbTiO 3 a higher k t /k p ratio compared with PZT ceramics.…”

Ferroic phase transition of tetragonal Pb0.6− xCaxBi0.4(Ti0.75Zn0.15Fe0.1)O3 ceramics: Factors determining Curie temperature

“…Meanwhile, because of their very small planar or lateral electromechanical coupling coefficient, PbTiO 3 and PbNb 2 O 6 -based ceramics make the width-to-thickness ratio of a transducer element more than one. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Here, piezoelectric transducers are firstly of a mechanical system and thus both mechanical and piezoelectric properties of ferroelectric ceramics play a key role in the practical piezoelectric transducer performances. These years, ferroic structural phase transitions of PbTiO 3 and PbNb 2 O 6based piezoceramics have been widely studied to promote their mechanical and piezoelectric properties and to design novel anisotropic piezoceramics.…”

Evaluation of the properties of 1-3 piezocomposites of a new lead titanate in epoxy resins

“…A. SHAULOV and W. A. SMITH ezoelectric voltage coefficient for increased hydrophone sensitivity. 7 Composite samples were fabricated by using this lead titanate and two different types of epoxy resins. Their dielectric constant and dissipation, and their piezoelectric dh and gh, coefficients were evaluated as a function of pressure and temperature.…”

“…The dh properties of a solid lead titanate and a PZT5 sample 7 are also included for comparison. As shown in Figure 2, the d. property of the PT/epoxy 1-3 composites increases monotonically with increasing ceramic volume fraction.…”