Perovskite‐structured Pb0.6Bi0.4(Ti0.75Zn0.15Fe0.1)O3 ceramic patches were prepared with conventional electronic ceramic processing on the basis of its near‐zero thermal expansion coefficient, in contrast to most of PbTiO3‐based solid solutions with decreasing tetragonality and Curie temperature. For the 1% Nb+0.5% Mg‐doped samples sintered at 1050°C, enhanced tetragonality of c/a=1.100 and Curie temperature of Tc=705°C, dielectric constant of ɛ=204, dielectric loss of tan δ=1.7%, and piezoelectric constant of d33=2.0 pC/N were obtained.
In this paper, ferroelectric phase transitions of Pb0.6−
x
Ca
x
Bi0.4(Ti0.75Zn0.15Fe0.1)O3 with x ≤ 0.20 ceramics were experimentally measured and a change from first-order to relaxor was found at a critical composition x ∼ 0.19. With increasing Ca content of x ≤ 0.18, Curie temperature and tetragonality was found decrease but piezoelectric constant and dielectric constant increase in a quadratic polynomial relationship as a function of x, while the ferroic Curie temperature and ferroelastic ordering parameter of tetragonality are correlated in a quadratic polynomial relationship. Near the critical composition of ferroic phase transition from first-order to relaxor, the Pb0.42Ca0.18Bi0.4(Ti0.75Zn0.15Fe0.1)O3 and 1 mol % Nb + 0.5 mol % Mg co-doped Pb0.44Ca0.16Bi0.4(Ti0.75Zn0.15Fe0.1)O3 ceramics exhibit a better anisotropic piezoelectric properties than those commercial piezoceramics of modified-PbTiO3 and PbNb2O6. At last, those factors including reduced mass of unit cell, mismatch between cation size and anion cage size, which affect ferroic Curie temperature and ferroelastic ordering parameter (tetragonality) of tetragonal ABO3 perovskites, are analyzed on the basis of first principle effective Hamiltonian and the reduced mass of unit cell is argued a more universal variable than concentration to determine Curie temperature in a quadratic polynomial relationship over various perovskite-structured solid solutions.
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