Piezoelectric MEMS resonators for density and viscosity sensing in engine oil with diesel fuel

Toledo, J.; Manzaneque, Tomás; Ruiz-Díez, Víctor; Kučera, Martin; Pfusterschmied, Georg; Wistrela, E.; Steindl, Wolfgang; Schmid, U.; Sanchez-Rojas, J.L.

doi:10.1109/transducers.2015.7180954

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…When using the motional branch for evaluation, small changes caused by the damping of the liquids can be obtained with better accuracy if the conductance peak ΔG is high compared to commonly used out-of-plane or in-plane modes with lower ΔG/Q values. A comparison with respect to the conductance peak height ΔG between the 1x-modes and commonly used out-of-plane or in-plane modes can be found in [15,20,28].…”

Section: Viscosity and Density Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature dependent performance of piezoelectric MEMS resonators for viscosity and density determination of liquids

Pfusterschmied

Kučera

Wistrela

et al. 2015

J. Micromech. Microeng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is the objective of this paper to report on the performance of piezoelectric MEMS resonators for viscosity and density measurements at elevated temperatures. A custom-built temperature controlled measurement setup is designed for fluid temperatures up to 100 °C. Piezoelectric single-side clamped resonators are fabricated, excited in 2nd order of the roof tile-shaped mode (13-mode) and exposed to several liquids (i.e. D5, N10, N35, PAO8, olive oil, ester oil and N100). At the next step, these results are analysed applying a straightforward evaluation model, thus demonstrating that with piezoelectric MEMS resonators the density (i.e. from ρ = 785 min kg m −3 to ρ = 916 max kg m −3 ) and viscosity (i.e. from = µ 1.20 min mPa s to = µ 286.36 max mPa s) values of liquids can be precisely determined in a wide range. Compared to standard measurement techniques, the results show for the first parameter a mean deviation of about 1.04% at 100 °C for all the liquids investigated. For the second parameter, the standard evaluation model implies a systematic deviation in viscosity with respect to the calibration being N35 in this study. This inherent lack of strength has a significant influence on the accuracy, especially at 100 °C due to fluids having a viscosity reduced by a factor of 30 for N100 compared to room temperature. This leads to relative deviations of about 23% at 100 °C and indicates the limits of the evaluation model.

show abstract

Section: Viscosity and Density Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature dependent performance of piezoelectric MEMS resonators for viscosity and density determination of liquids

Pfusterschmied

Kučera

Wistrela

et al. 2015

J. Micromech. Microeng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These include a cylinder capacitive sensor used to monitor changes in the dielectric constant of the oil [ 9 ] and photonic sensors based on the light scattering phenomenon to determine the engine oil quality from its color [ 10 , 11 ]. Ultrasonic techniques using microcantilevers have also been used to monitor engine oil conditions [ 12 , 13 ]. Microcantilevers tend to have limited measurement ranges [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of an Integrated Micro-Viscometer for Monitoring Engine Oil

Bensalem

Shovan

Trudel

et al. 2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper proposes a novel integrated micro-viscometer for engine-oil monitoring. The final solution consists of a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) and an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The CMUT is used to generate and capture acoustic waves while immersed in engine oil. The low power transceiver ASIC is interfaced with the CMUT structure for actuation and reception. An integrated charge pump boosts the supply voltage from 3.3 to 22 V to generate the DC polarization voltage of the CMUT. The receiver has a power consumption of 72 µW with an input-referred noise current of 3.2pAHz and a bandwidth of 7 MHz. The CMUT array occupies an area of 3.5 × 1 mm, whereas the ASIC has a chip area of 1 × 1 mm. The system was tested using engine oils of different types and ages at different temperatures. Measurement results show a significant frequency shift due to the dynamic viscosity change that occurs as oil ages. A shift of −1.9 kHz/cP was measured, which corresponds to a shift of 33 Hz/mile. This work paves the way for high accuracy-integrated solutions for oil condition monitoring and is expected to play a significant role in a more economic and environmentally friendly usage of oil.

show abstract

“…One of these non-conventional modes in such 2D-like device architectures is the so-called 'roof tile-shaped' mode [17], which exhibits low damping characteristics in liquids and shows a large surface area being highly strained, thus enabling sensing of even highly viscous liquids with dynamic viscosities up to 700 mPa s [18] while exhibiting very high Reynolds numbers from 10 4 up to 10 7 . In recent years higher orders of this particular mode haven been used, in combination with a tailored electrode design [19] to determine density and viscosity of fluids up to 100 • C [20], detect diesel contamination of engine oils [21] or to monitor the grape must fermentation process during wine making [22]. Even the operation in bitumen with an extraordinary high viscosity of 64.000 mPa s at 75 • C is demonstrated in [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sound dissipation from plate-type resonators excited in non-conventional transversal modes in liquids

Pfusterschmied

Weinmann

Schneider

et al. 2020

J. Micromech. Microeng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vibrational modes of higher order in micromachined resonators exhibit low damping in liquid environments, which facilitates accurate sensing even in highly viscous liquids. A steady increment in mode order, however, results in sound dissipation effects at a critical mode number n crit, which drastically increases damping in the system. Basic understanding in the emerging of sound dissipation in micromachined resonators is therefore of utmost importance, when an application of higher mode orders is targeted. For that reason, we experimentally investigated in this paper the appearance of sound dissipation in higher order non-conventional vibrational modes in MEMS plate resonators in liquids. The results are compared to those of an analytical model and of finite element method analyses. Micromechanical piezoelectric resonators were fabricated and characterized in sample fluids with a dynamic viscosity μ fluid ranging from 1 to 5 mPa s and density values ρ ﬂuid ranging from 0.774 up to 0.835 kg l−1. Quality factors up to 333 are obtained for the eighth mode order in model solution with a dynamic viscosity of 1 mPa s. By monitoring the resonance and damping characteristics as a function of mode order, sound dissipation effects occur, observed by the detection of increased damping, starting at mode number n = 8, which is in good agreement to the predictions of an analytical model and to finite element method simulations. At the critical mode number n crit, a reduction in quality factor up to 50% is measured. The results show a direct correlation of n crit and the density of the fluid, which agrees to theory. The lowest value of 8 for n crit is obtained in a sample liquid with the lowest density value of 0.774 kg l−1, followed by n crit = 9 in a sample liquid with ρ ﬂuid = 0.782 kg l−1 and n crit = 10 in a sample liquid with ρ ﬂuid = 0.835 kg l−1. These findings are of particular interest for sensing applications in low dense liquids, as sound dissipation effects emerge even at lower mode numbers.

show abstract

Piezoelectric MEMS resonators for density and viscosity sensing in engine oil with diesel fuel

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Temperature dependent performance of piezoelectric MEMS resonators for viscosity and density determination of liquids

Temperature dependent performance of piezoelectric MEMS resonators for viscosity and density determination of liquids

Design of an Integrated Micro-Viscometer for Monitoring Engine Oil

Sound dissipation from plate-type resonators excited in non-conventional transversal modes in liquids

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About