Piezoelectric induction of bone formation: Ultrastructural observations

Abstract

Medicine, Founded by lhe Alpha Omega Fraternity, P. 0. Box 11 72, Jerusalem 91 01 0, Israel.We have recently shown that biniorph piezoelectric PVDF films induce formation of periosteal bone ~n uiuo and attributed this phenomenon to a piezoelectric effect. In the present study films were implanted in rabbits to encircle the femoral diaphysis. Specimens obtained after 6 and 12 days were subjected to routine processing for electron nlicroscopy as well as fixation using the Ka-pyroantimonate technique. The electron micrographs revealed that initial osteoblastic differentiation and formation of collagenous matrix were followed by Ca accumulation in mitochondria. Calcification of the matrix progressed with deposition of mineralizing nodules and their fusion to form larger calcified masses. Tlus was associated with disappearance of the pyroantimonate positive material from mtochondria. These ultrastructural observations confirm that bimorph films induce bone formation and disclose some features of the calcification process of the osseous callus.

Polarization of an electroactive functional film on titanium for inducing osteogenic differentiation

“…Piezoelectric effects have been explored in bone-tissue regeneration since the first observation of these effects in bone. Piezoelectric films can induce in vivo formation of periosteal bone 25 . Electrical osteogenesis has been proved by X ray photographs and histological studies performed during a first series of implantations of piezoelectric and non-piezoelectric PVDF films.…”

Enhanced proliferation of pre-osteoblastic cells by dynamic piezoelectric stimulation

“…The piezoelectric effect has been explored in bone tissue regeneration since this effect was first observed in bone by Fukada and Yasuda. 29 Piezoelectric materials such as PVDF films were shown to induce in vivo formation of periosteal bone 30 but no specific strategies to fully evaluate the potential of this material have been undertaken. Instead, materials such as hydroxyapatite (HA) have been more widely used for stimulating bone regeneration.…”

Electric fields stimulate DNA synthesis of mouse osteoblast‐like cells (MC3T3‐E1) by a mechanism involving calcium ions

“…In other words, changes in the electric potential on bone surfaces appear to act as a mediator of mechanical stress (Yasuda, 1953;Bassett and Becker, 1962;Bryant and Wolfe, 1987). The electric field or current induced by the electric potentials on bone surfaces has also been reported to affect bone cells (Ficat et al, 1984;Korenstein et al, 1984;Laub and Korenstein, 1984;Noda et al, 1987).…”