Pictures speak louder than numbers: on communicating medical risks to immigrants with limited non‐native language proficiency

García‐Retamero, Rocío; Dhami, Mandeep K.

doi:10.1111/j.1369-7625.2011.00670.x

Cited by 57 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 61 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Individuals with low numeracy skills are better able to understand, and recall numerical information when presented with visual aids [22][23][24][25]. This is especially the case in individuals with high graphical literacy [25] -the ability to understand graphical representations used to present quantitative health information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Communicating global cardiovascular risk: Are icon arrays better than numerical estimates in improving understanding, recall and perception of risk?

Ruiz

Andrade

García‐Retamero

et al. 2013

Patient Education and Counseling

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Communicating global cardiovascular risk: Are icon arrays better than numerical estimates in improving understanding, recall and perception of risk?

Ruiz

Andrade

García‐Retamero

et al. 2013

Patient Education and Counseling

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Both novices and trained experts benefit from the implementation of simple visual representations of risk information, whether they are evaluating medical treatments or new counterterrorism techniques (Garcia-Retamero & Dhami, 2011; (Fox & Sitkin, 2015).…”

Section: Optimizing Choice Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Debiasing Decisions

Morewedge¹,

Yoon²,

Scopelliti

et al. 2015

Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences

278

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Tweet: A single training intervention with an instructional game or video produced large and persistent reductions in decision bias. Permanent repository link Debiasing Decisions 3Highlights:• Biases in judgment and decision making create predictable errors in domains such as intelligence analysis, policy, law, medicine, business, and private life• Debiasing interventions can be effective, inexpensive methods to improve decision making and reduce the costly errors that decision biases produce• We found a short, single training intervention (i.e., playing a computer game or watching a video) produced persistent reductions in six cognitive biases critical to intelligence analysis• Training appears to be an effective debiasing intervention to add to existing interventions such as improvements in incentives, information presentation, and how decisions are elicited (nudges)Debiasing Decisions 4 "Indeed, it appears that in some instances analysts' presumptions were so firm that they simply disregarded evidence that did not support their hypotheses. As we saw in several instances, when confronted with evidence that indicated Iraq did not have WMD, analysts tended to discount such information. Rather than weighing the evidence independently, analysts accepted information that fit the prevailing theory and rejected information that contradicted it.

show abstract

“…They can also promote consideration of beneficial treatments that have side effects (Waters, Weinstein, Colditz, & Emmons, 2007), limit errors induced by anecdotal narratives (Fagerlin, Wang, & Ubel, 2005), and framed messages (Garcia-Retamero & Galesic, 2010a), and reduce biases (Garcia-Retamero & Dhami, 2011;Garcia-Retamero & Galesic, 2009a;Garcia-Retamero et al, 2010). Research by Galesic, Garcia-Retamero, and Gigerenzer (2009;see also Garcia-Retamero & Galesic, 2010b) showed that visual aids are useful when the risk information is presented both in complex numerical formats such as relative risk reduction (e.g., aspirin can reduce the risk of having a stroke or heart attack by 13% in people with symptoms of arterial disease) and in numerical formats that are relatively easy to understand (absolute risk reduction; e.g., aspirin can reduce the risk of having a stroke or heart attack from 8% to 7% in people with symptoms of arterial disease).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Understanding and Recall of Quantitative Information about Medical Risks: A Cross-Cultural Comparison between Germany and Spain

2011

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In two experiments, we analyzed cross-cultural differences in understanding and recalling information about medical risks in two countries-Germany and Spain-whose students differ substantially in their quantitative literacy according to the 2003 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA; OECD, 2003OECD, , 2010. We further investigated whether risk understanding can be enhanced by using visual aids (Experiment 1), and whether different ways of describing risks affect recall (Experiment 2). Results showed that Spanish students are more vulnerable to misunderstanding and forgetting the risk information than their German counterparts. Spanish students, however, benefit more than German students from representing the risk information using ecologically rational formats-which exploit the way information is represented in the human mind. We concluded that our results can have important implications for clinical practice. Keywords: medical risks, Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), risk perception, risk communication.En dos experimentos, hemos analizado si existen diferencias culturales en la comprensión y recuerdo de información sobre riesgos médicos. Nos hemos centrado en dos países-Alemania y España-ya que, según los resultados encontrados en el Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA; OECD, 2003OECD, , 2010. los estudiantes procedentes de los mismos difieren substancialmente en sus habilidades para procesar información cuantitativa. Así mismo hemos investigado si es posible mejorar la comprensión de los riesgos médicos mediante el uso de material visual de apoyo (Experimento 1), o del uso de diferentes formatos verbales para describir dichos riesgos (Experimento 2). Los resultados de nuestros experimentos han puesto de manifiesto que los estudiantes españoles son más vulnerables a interpretar incorrectamente y a olvidar la información sobre los riesgos que los estudiantes alemanes. Sin embargo, los primeros se benefician en mayor medida que los segundos de la representación de la información sobre riesgos médicos a través del uso de formatos ecológicos-los cuales representan la información de un modo similar a como lo hace la mente humana. Concluimos que nuestros resultados pueden tener implicaciones importantes para la práctica clínica.

show abstract

Pictures speak louder than numbers: on communicating medical risks to immigrants with limited non‐native language proficiency

Cited by 57 publications

References 61 publications

Communicating global cardiovascular risk: Are icon arrays better than numerical estimates in improving understanding, recall and perception of risk?

Communicating global cardiovascular risk: Are icon arrays better than numerical estimates in improving understanding, recall and perception of risk?

Debiasing Decisions

Enhancing Understanding and Recall of Quantitative Information about Medical Risks: A Cross-Cultural Comparison between Germany and Spain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About