Piceatannol Increases Antioxidant Defense and Reduces Cell Death in Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblast under Oxidative Stress

Abstract

Piceatannol is a resveratrol metabolite that is considered a potent antioxidant and cytoprotector because of its high capacity to chelate/sequester reactive oxygen species. In pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, the imbalance of reactive oxygen species is closely related to the disorder in the cells and may cause changes in cellular metabolism and mitochondrial activity, which is implicated in oxidative stress status or even in cell death. In this way, this study aimed to evaluate piceatannol as cytoprotector in culture of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts through in vitro analyses of cell viability and oxidative stress parameters after oxidative stress induced as an injury simulator. Fibroblasts were seeded and divided into the following study groups: control, vehicle, control piceatannol, H2O2 exposure, and H2O2 exposure combined with the maintenance in piceatannol ranging from 0.1 to 20 μM. The parameters analyzed following exposure were cell viability by trypan blue exclusion test, general metabolism status by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method, mitochondrial activity through the ATP production, total antioxidant capacity, and reduced gluthatione. Piceatannol was shown to be cytoprotective due the maintenance of cell viability between 1 and 10 μM even in the presence of H2O2. In a concentration of 0.1 μM piceatannol decreased significantly cell viability but increased cellular metabolism and antioxidant capacity of the fibroblasts. On the other hand, the fibroblasts treated with piceatannol at 1 μM presented low metabolism and antioxidant capacity. However, piceatannol did not protect cells from mitochondrial damage as measured by ATP production. In summary, piceatannol is a potent antioxidant in low concentrations with cytoprotective capacity, but it does not prevent all damage caused by hydrogen peroxide.

Biomolecular Evaluation of Piceatannol’s Effects in Counteracting the Senescence of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A New Candidate for Senotherapeutics?

“…Ultimately, we chose 10 μM piceatannol as the maximum in vitro dose that did not produce nonspecific cell death. Our results are in concordance with previous in vitro data [ 17 , 18 ].…”

“…Our data are in good agreement with previous findings evidencing that the low concentration of piceatannol may promote cell proliferation of healthy cells [ 17 ]. Another study also showed that that piceatannol was cytoprotective in the range between 1 and 10 μM [ 18 ].…”

Quercetin Prevents Oxidative Stress-Induced Injury of Periodontal Ligament Cells and Alveolar Bone Loss in Periodontitis

“…In the present study, we stimulated hPDLCs with H 2 O 2 to mimic the elevated OS levels in periodontitis according to previous studies. 13 , 14 Then, we assessed the effects of an antioxidant, quercetin, on OS in hPDLCs. Quercetin could enhance the proliferative ability of hPDLCs under OS.…”

“… 10−12 Antioxidant therapies can effectively relieve the oxidative damage of PDLCs and restore their osteogenic and regenerative abilities. 13 , 14 Therefore, it is important to maintain the balance between oxidation and antioxidation in periodontal tissues, especially in PDLCs.…”

Gene Expression Profile in Immortalized Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts Through hTERT Ectopic Expression: Transcriptome and Bioinformatic Analysis

“…Primary cell culture (hPLF) and immortalized (hPLF-hTERT) cells were characterized using vimentin label (Costa et al, 2020). Cells were cultured on glass coverslips in 24-well plates, and then they were fixed in 2% paraformaldehyde for 10 min with 0.5% Triton x-100 solution (Sigma-Aldrich ® ; 15 min).…”