Phytotoxic Effects of Allelochemical Acacetin on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Selected Vegetables and Its Potential Physiological Mechanism

Yan, Zhiqiang; Peng, Li; Xiao, Yali; Cao, Lingling; Yao, Lunguang

doi:10.3390/agronomy12051038

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The effect of chavibetol ( 1 ) on seed germination and growth was investigated to establish its phytotoxic efficacy. The potency of a phytotoxin may vary depending on the medium, possibly due to the difference in its ability to transport; thus creating a differential exposure to the seed or seedling 24,34–37 . Therefore, the phytotoxicity of 1 was studied on wheatgrass seed germination and growth in water, agar and air media. In the water medium bioassay, 1 inhibited the germination and seedling growth dose‐dependently in the range 10.0–300.0 μg mL −1 with IC 50 53.4 μg mL −1 (325.2 μ m , germination), 24.5 μg mL −1 (149.2 μ m , coleoptile) and 15.8 μg mL −1 (96.2 μ m , radicle) [Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potency of a phytotoxin may vary depending on the medium, possibly due to the difference in its ability to transport; thus creating a differential exposure to the seed or seedling. 24,[34][35][36][37] Therefore, the phytotoxicity of 1 was studied on wheatgrass seed germination and growth in water, agar and air media. It inhibited the germination and subsequent growth of fresh seeds with IC 50 2.6 (germination), 1.8 (coleoptile) and 1.7 (radicle) mg L −1 [Fig.…”

Section: Phytotoxic Efficacy Of Chavibetol In Various Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chavibetol: major and potent phytotoxin in betel (Piper betle L.) leaf essential oil

Kemprai

Bora

Saikia

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDMany essential oils and their constituent volatile organic compounds are known to be phytotoxic and potential bioherbicides. This study aims to investigate the phytotoxicity of propenylbenzene‐rich essential oils and identify active molecule(s) therein.RESULTSFive commercially available propenylbenzene‐rich oils were screened, of which betel (Piper betle L.) oil was identified as a potent natural phytotoxin. It dose‐dependently inhibited wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum) seed germination and growth in water and agar medium with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) in the range 23.2–122.7 μg mL−1. Phytotoxicity‐guided fractionation and purification revealed chavibetol as the major and most potent phytotoxic constituent of betel oil, followed by chavibetol acetate. A structure–activity relationship study involving 12 propenylbenzenes indicated the structural and positional importance of aromatic substitutions for the activity. Furthermore, the phytotoxic efficacy of chavibetol was established against wheatgrass germination and growth in water (IC50 15.8–53.4 μg mL−1), agar (IC50 34.4–53.6 μg mL−1) and aerial (IC50 1.7–4.5 mg L−1) media with a more pronounced effect on the radicle. Also, in open phytojars, chavibetol efficiently inhibited the growth of 3–7‐day‐old bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) seedlings when sprayed directly (IC50 2.3–3.4 mg jar−1) or supplemented in agar (IC50 116.6–139.1 μg mL−1). The growth of pre‐germinated green amaranth (Amaranthus viridis) was inhibited more effectively in both application modes (1.2–1.4 mg jar−1 and IC50 26.8–31.4 μg mL−1 respectively).CONCLUSIONThe study concluded betel oil as a potent phytotoxic herbal extract and its major constituent chavibetol as a promising volatile phytotoxin for the future management of weeds in their early phase of emergence. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phytotoxic Efficacy Of Chavibetol In Various Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chavibetol: major and potent phytotoxin in betel (Piper betle L.) leaf essential oil

Kemprai

Bora

Saikia

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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“…Lettuce is commonly used as an ideal plant for studying allelopathic activity because of its high sensitivity to allelopathic substances. Additionally, it grows rapidly, has a well-established development pattern, and is a widely grown species [ 76 ]. In contrast, foxtail fescue is widely recognized as a troublesome weed that invades agricultural fields globally [ 77 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Allelopathic Effects of Trewia nudiflora Leaf Extracts and Its Identified Substances

Khatun

Tojo

Teruya

et al. 2023

Plants

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Trewia nudiflora Linn. is a woody plant of the Euphorbiaceae family. It is well known for its use as a folk remedy, but its potential for phytotoxicity has not been explored. Therefore, this study investigated the allelopathic potential and the allelopathic substances in T. nudiflora leaves. The aqueous methanol extract of T. nudiflora was found to have a toxic effect on the plants used in the experiment. The shoot and root development of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and foxtail fescue (Vulpia myuros L.) were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced by the T. nudiflora extracts. The growth inhibition by the T. nudiflora extracts was proportional to the extract concentration and varied with the test plant species. The chromatographic separation of the extracts resulted in the isolation of two substances, identified as loliolide and 6,7,8-trimethoxycoumarin based on their respective spectral analyses. Both substances significantly inhibited lettuce growth at a concentration of 0.01 mM. To inhibit 50% of the growth of the lettuce, the required concentration of loliolide was 0.043 to 0.128 mM, while that of 6,7,8-trimethoxycoumarin was 0.028 to 0.032 mM. Comparing these values, the lettuce growth was more sensitive to 6,7,8-trimethoxycoumarin than loliolide, suggesting that 6,7,8-trimethoxycoumarin was more effective than loliolide. Therefore, the inhibition of the growth of the lettuce and foxtail fescue suggests that loliolide and 6,7,8-trimethoxycoumarin are responsible for the phytotoxicity of the T. nudiflora leaf extracts. Thus, the growth-inhibitory effectiveness of the T. nudiflora extracts and the identified loliolide and 6,7,8-trimethoxycoumarin may be used to develop bioherbicides that restrict the growth of weeds.

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“…Using allelopathic compounds such as benzoic acid leads to ROS-mediated oxidative stress, causes cell death through membrane damage, and reduces cell viability in the Arabidopsis root meristem [8]. Acacetin isolated from Leptadenia reticulata interferes with enzyme activity and protein synthesis that encounters gene expression [9] and restricts mitochondrial respiration and ion transport fueled by phenolic compounds [10]. Since plant-derived allelopathic compounds have a short half-life and cause no adverse consequences, they are considered safer for the environment than traditional herbicides [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathic Activity of Annona reticulata L. Leaf Extracts and Identification of Three Allelopathic Compounds for the Development of Natural Herbicides

et al. 2022

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Using plant-based allelopathic compounds might be a potent substitute to help mitigate the effects of synthetic herbicides. Annona reticulata L. is often planted for its fruit in residential gardens. This plant is well-documented for its diverse ethnomedicinal uses. However, there is no information in the literature on the allelopathic potential of A. reticulata leaves. Therefore, the allelopathic potential and relevant allelopathic compounds of A. reticulata leaves were investigated in this study. The bioassays were carried out using a completely randomized experimental layout (CRD), and the resulting data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA at p ≤ 0.05. Aqueous methanol extracts of A. reticulata leaves significantly inhibited the growth of three dicots and three monocots (Lepidium sativum L., Medicago sativa L., Lactuca sativa L., Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv., Lolium multiflorum Lam., and Phleum pratense L., respectively). The level of growth inhibition was proportional to the A. reticulata extract concentration. Three compounds were purified through different chromatographic steps, and their structures were determined using spectroscopy and identified as loliolide, 5-hydroxy-3,4-dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2(5H)-one, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol. The 5-hydroxy-3,4-dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2(5H)-one had the greatest effect on suppressing cress root growth, while loliolide had the greatest effect on suppressing timothy shoot growth. The values for 50% seedling growth suppression showed that the compound with the maximum inhibitory activity was loliolide, followed by 5-hydroxy-3,4-dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2(5H)-one and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol. Therefore, this result suggests that the three compounds might be responsible for the allelopathic effects of A. reticulata leaf extracts, and these compounds have the potential to be used to develop effective bioherbicides.

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Phytotoxic Effects of Allelochemical Acacetin on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Selected Vegetables and Its Potential Physiological Mechanism

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Chavibetol: major and potent phytotoxin in betel (Piper betle L.) leaf essential oil

Chavibetol: major and potent phytotoxin in betel (Piper betle L.) leaf essential oil

The Allelopathic Effects of Trewia nudiflora Leaf Extracts and Its Identified Substances

Allelopathic Activity of Annona reticulata L. Leaf Extracts and Identification of Three Allelopathic Compounds for the Development of Natural Herbicides

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