Phytostabilization of Zn and Cd in Mine Soil Using Corn in Combination with Biochars and Manure-Based Compost

Sigua, Gilbert C.; Novak, Jeff; Watts, D. W.; Ippolito, James A.; Ducey, Thomas F.; Johnson, Mark G.; Spokas, Kurt A.

doi:10.3390/environments6060069

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…According toŻołnowski et al [43] and Lam et al [44], the application of an organic substance into soil reduces the bioconcentration factors for trace elements in plants, including in maize. In a study by Sigua et al [45], manure had a similar effect on the bioconcentration factor values for Zn and Cd in the shoots and roots of maize. This was confirmed in the author's own study, in which compost reduced the concentrations of most trace elements in maize; the exception was Ni.…”

Section: The Effect Of Amendments On Plants Cultivated On Soil Contaminated With Coppermentioning

confidence: 77%

Phytoextraction with Maize of Soil Contaminated with Copper after Application of Mineral and Organic Amendments

Wyszkowski

Brodowska

2020

Agronomy

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This study aimed to determine the possibility to increase the the effect of different amendments (compost, bentonite and zeolite) on the shoot yield and the concentration of trace elements in shoots of maize (Zea mays L.) on soil contaminated with Cu. The yield of shoots and concentration of the trace elements in shoots of maize depended on Cu dose and amendment incorporation into the sandy soil. Cu-spiked soil caused an increase the yield of shoots (only to 100 mg Cu/kg of soil), in the concentration of Cu, Co, Mn, Ni and Fe in shoots of maize and, to a smaller degree, in the concentration of Zn and bioconcentration factor (BCF) of all elements except copper, compared to the control soil without Cu. Under the influence of 150 and 200 mg Cu per kg of soil, a decrease in yield of shoots of maize was observed. Compost, bentonite and zeolite increased the yield of shoots and reduced the concentration of Cu, Co, Mn, Fe and Zn in shoots of maize. Bentonite had a more positive effect than compost and zeolite on the yield of shoots and the concentration of Co, Mn and Zn in shoots of maize. The effect of these amendments on the Cu and Fe concentration in shoots of maize was reverse. A reverse effect of these amendments (especially bentonite and zeolite) on the Ni concentration in plants was observed. The amendments applied to soil, especially compost, increased the BCF of Ni and, to a small degree, BCF of Cu in shoots of maize, compared to the control series. Compost, zeolite and especially bentonite are very good amendments in the restoration of maize growth in polluted areas.

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Section: The Effect Of Amendments On Plants Cultivated On Soil Contaminated With Coppermentioning

confidence: 77%

Phytoextraction with Maize of Soil Contaminated with Copper after Application of Mineral and Organic Amendments

Wyszkowski

Brodowska

2020

Agronomy

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“…Agnello et al [114] compared biological processes such as natural attenuation, bioaugmentation, and phytoremediation. They found that bioaugmentation-assisted phytoremediation optimizes the synergy effect of plants and microorganisms, improving the removal of heavy metals and metalloids [115].…”

Section: Phytoextractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation of Metal/Metalloid-Polluted Soils: A Short Review

2021

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The contamination of soil by heavy metals and metalloids is a worldwide problem due to the accumulation of these compounds in the environment, endangering human health, plants, and animals. Heavy metals and metalloids are normally present in nature, but the rise of industrialization has led to concentrations higher than the admissible ones. They are non-biodegradable and toxic, even at very low concentrations. Residues accumulate in living beings and become dangerous every time they are assimilated and stored faster than they are metabolized. Thus, the potentially harmful effects are due to persistence in the environment, bioaccumulation in the organisms, and toxicity. The severity of the effect depends on the type of heavy metal or metalloid. Indeed, some heavy metals (e.g., Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) at very low concentrations are essential for living organisms, while others (e.g., Cd, Pb, and Hg) are nonessential and are toxic even in trace amounts. It is important to monitor the concentration of heavy metals and metalloids in the environment and adopt methods to remove them. For this purpose, various techniques have been developed over the years: physical remediation (e.g., washing, thermal desorption, solidification), chemical remediation (e.g., adsorption, catalysis, precipitation/solubilization, electrokinetic methods), biological remediation (e.g., biodegradation, phytoremediation, bioventing), and combined remediation (e.g., electrokinetic–microbial remediation; washing–microbial degradation). Some of these are well known and used on a large scale, while others are still at the research level. The main evaluation factors for the choice are contaminated site geology, contamination characteristics, cost, feasibility, and sustainability of the applied process, as well as the technology readiness level. This review aims to give a picture of the main techniques of heavy metal removal, also giving elements to assess their potential hazardousness due to their concentrations.

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“…Phytostabilization is an efficient remediation approach that includes establishing plant cover by using species that can stabilize pollutants in the root zone (e.g., roots and rhizosphere) by accumulation or precipitation and, thus, reduce their mobility and bioaccessibility [13,14]. Hence, species that are tolerant to high contamination levels and, at the same time, present an extensive fasciculated root system, rapid growth and establishment, high longevity, easy maintenance, good adaptation to contamination and below-ground accumulation of metals are the best candidates for phytostabilization [14][15][16]. The selection of the appropriate amendment or combination of amendments is also crucial for the success of the remediation process [1,14,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, species that are tolerant to high contamination levels and, at the same time, present an extensive fasciculated root system, rapid growth and establishment, high longevity, easy maintenance, good adaptation to contamination and below-ground accumulation of metals are the best candidates for phytostabilization [14][15][16]. The selection of the appropriate amendment or combination of amendments is also crucial for the success of the remediation process [1,14,17]. The interactions between the selected amendment and plant species and the subsequent relationship with the target contaminants will condition the restoration process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron Has Minimum Toxicological Risk on the Germination and Early Growth of Two Grass Species with Potential for Phytostabilization

et al. 2020

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Two Poaceae species, Agrostis capillaris and Festuca rubra, were selected for their potential as phytostabilizing plants in multicontaminated soils. These species are resistant to contamination and maintain high concentrations of contaminants at the root level. Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is an engineered nanomaterial with the ability to stabilize metal(loid)s in soils; its potential toxicological effects in the selected species were studied in a germination test using: (i) control variant without soil; (ii) soil contaminated with Pb and Zn; and (iii) contaminated soil amended with 1% nZVI, as well as in an hydroponic experiment with the addition of nZVI 0, 25, 50 and 100 mg L−1. nZVI had no negative effects on seed germination or seedling growth, but was associated with an increase in shoot growth and reduction of the elongation inhibition rate (root-dependent) of F. rubra seedlings. However, applications of nZVI in the hydroponic solution had no effects on F. rubra but A. capillaris developed longer roots and more biomass. Increasing nZVI concentrations in the growing solution increased Mg and Fe uptake and reduced the Fe translocation factor. Our results indicate that nZVI has few toxic effects on the studied species.

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Phytostabilization of Zn and Cd in Mine Soil Using Corn in Combination with Biochars and Manure-Based Compost

Cited by 27 publications

References 58 publications

Phytoextraction with Maize of Soil Contaminated with Copper after Application of Mineral and Organic Amendments

Phytoextraction with Maize of Soil Contaminated with Copper after Application of Mineral and Organic Amendments

Remediation of Metal/Metalloid-Polluted Soils: A Short Review

Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron Has Minimum Toxicological Risk on the Germination and Early Growth of Two Grass Species with Potential for Phytostabilization

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