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Coagulation is an important step in the physicochemical treatment of wastewater. Due to the disadvantage associated with the commonly used inorganic metal salts and other synthetic polymers, in recent years, research on the use of natural organic polymers as coagulant is gaining importance. In this study, the coagulation potential of alginate extracted from brown algae, Sargassum sp. for the removal of Congo red dye from aqueous solution has been identified. The yield of alginate extraction was found to be 40.8%. The extracted alginate was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy techniques. The effect of initial pH (4-6), alginate dose (10-60 mg/L), calcium dose (1-6 g/L), and initial dye concentration (50-250 mg/L) on dye removal have been investigated. It is inferred from the study that the maximum removal of dye (96%) was achieved with increasing alginate and calcium dose for increasing dye concentration, at pH 4. The obtained results were compared with the literature on Congo red dye removal using various adsorbents and coagulants.

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Continuous column adsorption studies were performed in this work using native and biochar form of Tectona grandis leaves to remove Ni (II) and Co (II) ions from aqueous solution. Column performance was evaluated by varying the bed height, flow rate and inlet metal ion concentration. Further, column adsorption models including Adam‐Bohart, Thomas, and Yoon‐Nelson were applied to evaluate different column parameters. Thomas model was found to be in good agreement with higher R2 and closer experimental and theoretical uptake capacity values. Interpretation of the breakthrough curves indicated that the exhaustion time of column extended with increasing bed height and decreasing flow rate and metal ion concentration. Column desorption studies using hydrochloric acid signified the potential of the adsorbents to effectively desorb the adsorbed metal ions. Thus, evaluation of the adsorption potential of Tectona grandis in this study revealed its adequate inherent potential with high adsorption capacities to remove nickel and cobalt ions from aqueous solution evidencing its practical applicability as adsorbent. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 1030–1038, 2017

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