“…Other rice transgenics complying with this DMA/NA scenario are those overexpressing OsNAS1-3 ( Lee et al, 2009b ) or HvNAS1 alone ( Masuda et al, 2009 ), as well as OsNAS2 in combination with SoyferH1 ( Trijatmiko et al, 2016 ), which showed concentration increases in polished seeds (endosperm) of 2- to 33-fold for DMA, 5- to 32-fold for NA, 2.0- to 7.5-fold for Fe and 2.2- to 3.8-fold for Zn. The same scenario occurs when overexpressing OsNAS1 in combination with HvNAATb ( Banakar et al, 2017b ), leading to increases in polished seeds of 33-, 160-, 4.0-, and 4.1-fold for DMA, NA, Fe, and Zn concentrations, respectively; that study also shows an increased abundance of NA and DMA in leaves and roots, which promotes Fe and Zn uptake, root-to-shoot translocation, and finally seed loading. Other transgenics also showed concomitant Fe and Zn concentration increases, but the DMA and/or NA concentrations were not determined ( Wirth et al, 2009 ; Boonyaves et al, 2017 ; Wu et al, 2018 ).…”