Phytoremediation Model System for Aquaculture Wastewater Using Glossostigma Elatinoides and Hemianthus Callitrichoides

Abstract

The aquaculture industry has made a great contribution towards economic development of Malaysia. However, the large volume of water consumption and the wastewater discharged into the water source caused a significant environmental problem that must be controlled properly. For instance, aquaculture waste may decrease dissolved oxygen level and load high nutrient and inorganic contaminants which subsequently would cause water deterioration. Thus, to ensure the effectiveness of aquaculture practices, the suitable wastewater management approach should be acquainted. Phytoremediation, which are the application of plant-based technologies, are beginning to be accepted to examine the problems and provide sustainable solutions for this issue. Therefore, this research aims to explore ecological approach by developing phytoremediation model system in order to remediate inorganic pollutants produced by aquaculture pond. In this paper, the efficiency of potential aquatic plants which are Glossostigma elatinoides and Hemianthus callitrichoides to sequester cadmium and copper were investigated. To achieve this, phytoremediation model system was developed using two selected species for three different concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu). This model system was run over three different periods of time, which are week 1, week 2, and week 3. The findings of this research suggested that the capability to sequester different concentration of heavy metals for certain periods of time were varied between different species. The results indicated that Glossostigma elatinoides was a good phytoremediator for Cd whereas Hemianthus callitrichoides was a good phytoremediator for Cu. The expected outcome of this research is to introduce cost-effective and eco-friendly technology to cater environmental pollution. Hence, having the thorough study on the effectiveness of this technology might contribute towards sustainable aquaculture practices in terms of ecological, economical, and social benefits.

Efek Perbedaan Jenis Rumput Laut Sebagai Agen Fitoremediasi Pada Sistem Budidaya Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon) Semi Intensif

“…Metode ini menggunakan tanaman air untuk mengurangi kadar nutrien dalam limbah budidaya udang. Selama limbah mengandung nutrien yang tinggi, limbah ini sangat cocok untuk pertumbuhan alga (Othman et al, 2015). Alga dari jenis makro algae yaitu rumput laut memiliki kemampuan menyerap bahan organik yang telah didegradasi sebagai nutrisi untuk pertumbuhan, bahan organik yang yang telah di degradasi rumput laut mampu mengurangi risiko gagal panen akibat kontaminasi bahan organik di perairan budidaya (Rahmaningsih, 2017).…”

Evaluation of the phytoremediation potential of selected hydrophytes grown in wastewater. A case study in Sheikhupura, Pakistan

“…Similarly, Deepa et al (2015) reported accumulation and distribution of As and Ni in Polygonum glabrum and Lantana sp. Othman et al (2015) also explored phytoremediation potential of two aquatic plants Glossostigmae latinoides and Hemianthus callitrichoides for waste water remediation from aqua cultures. Nasser et al (2014) examined the potential of Helianthus annuus L. as a phytoremediator for Cd and Pb soil remediation.…”

In vitro high frequency regeneration through apical shoot proliferation ofHemianthus callitrichoides ‘Cuba’ ‐ a multipurpose ornamental aquatic plant

“…It is generally moderately to slow growing in an aquarium environment, so it is preferred over others for its less frequent trimming requirements. However, it requires abundant lighting, generous nutrient levels, a fine-grained substrate, and good CO 2 levels to do well in aquariums (Othman et al, 2014). It can be grown emerged, but is somewhat prone to fungal attacks if the aquarium atmosphere is not at an appropriate water pH level.…”

“…However, the use of aquatic plants for phytoremediation or as bioindicators in water bodies is confined by their limited availability.Hemianthus callitrichoides 'Cuba' , family Scrophulariaceae, is an ornamental aquatic plant and a native of the area east of Havana, Cuba. It is commonly known as "dwarf baby tears" or "HC" and was described in the literature for the first time in 2003 as a small rocky plant (Othman et al, 2014). H. callitrichoides has become an increasingly popular and attractive foreground plant of choice.…”