Phytophagous Neomegalotomus parvus (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Alydidae) feeding on carrion and feces

Ventura, Maurício Ursi; Silva, Jovenil J.; Panizzi, Antônio R.

doi:10.1590/s0301-80592000000400028

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Kutschbach‐Brohl et al (2010) argued that the plant communities with higher forb abundance, particularly with legumes that have high N tissue content (Haddad et al 2009; Rzanny et al 2013), may provide phenologically consistent available food resources and a more diverse habitat structure offering increased refuge opportunities. A heavy presence of leguminous sap‐sucker Alydidae (Ventura et al 2000) in the RP sites appeared to be responsible for the positive correlations between herbivore abundance and plant species diversity. Similar observations were reported by Haddad et al (2001; 2011), Hertzog et al (2016), and Haro et al (2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, a few taxa exhibited potential specificity to habitats in RP sites. Reflective of their preference for the nitrogen rich legumes (Ventura et al 2000; Silva et al 2010), Alydidae were found in the greatest abundance at RP sites where legumes were located. Herbivorous and detritivorous larvae of Chrysomelidae are often found encased in plant debris or fecal matter (Marshall et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a few taxa exhibited potential Figure 4 Scatter plots of linear regression between pollinator abundance (mean density per plot) and plant species diversity (A) and C 3 grass cover (B), and herbivore (sap-suckers + grazers) abundance (mean density per plot) between plant species diversity (C) and C 3 grass cover (D) in the restored prairie (RP), old field (OF), and reed canary grass (RCG; Phalaris arundinacea) of Gabis Arboretum in Valparaiso, Indiana, U.S.A. specificity to habitats in RP sites. Reflective of their preference for the nitrogen rich legumes (Ventura et al 2000;Silva et al 2010), Alydidae were found in the greatest abundance at RP sites where legumes were located. Herbivorous and detritivorous larvae of Chrysomelidae are often found encased in plant debris or fecal matter (Marshall et al 2008).…”

Section: Plant Diversity and Arthropod Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of plant diversity on arthropod communities in a restored tallgrass prairie of the U.S. Midwest

Kelleher

Choi

2020

Restoration Ecology

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We investigated the effects of enhanced plant species diversity on prairie restoration on arthropod community assembly in a restored tallgrass prairie of the U.S. Midwest. Despite weak correlation with the arthropod taxon, enhanced plant species diversity in the restored prairie (RP) promoted the evenness and diversity of arthropod functional groups and led to a divergence of arthropod assemblage in comparison to the ones in old field (OF) and monospecific stand (reed canary grass [RCG]) of exotic reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacia). Pollinators were most and least abundant in RP and RCG, respectively, and exhibited a positive correlation to plant species diversity. Herbivore abundance, highest in RP, also increased with plant species diversity. The diversity of arthropod functional groups was likely facilitated by structural complexity of the RP vegetation that resulted from the enhanced plant species diversity, particularly flowering and nectar-producing forbs. Predator abundance, highest in RCG, decreased with plant species diversity and increased with C 3 grass cover. The presence of small-body sized herbivores seemed to attract predators in the RCG site, which has a monospecific vegetation structure of C 3 reed canary grass. Our results demonstrate a positive effect of prairie restoration on the diversity of arthropod functional groups. We recommend increasing the diversity of native plant species and reduction (or eradication if possible) of exotic plants in the OF and RCG sites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plant Diversity and Arthropod Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of plant diversity on arthropod communities in a restored tallgrass prairie of the U.S. Midwest

Kelleher

Choi

2020

Restoration Ecology

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“…Alternatively, N. rufipes could have obtained Phytomonas sp. 1 from feeding on a dead N. sidae, since necrophagy has been observed in this genus (Ventura et al, 2000b), likely resulting in non-specific infections by otherwise specialized trypanosomatids (Votýpka et al, 2019). Although found in only a few hosts, Phytomonas spp.…”

Section: Trypanosomatid Diversity In Hemipteran Hostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple and frequent trypanosomatid co-infections of insects: the Cuban case study

Votýpka,

Zeman,

Stříbrná

et al. 2024

Parasitology

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Trypanosomatids are obligate parasites of animals, predominantly insects and vertebrates, and flowering plants. Monoxenous species, representing the vast majority of trypanosomatid diversity, develop in a single host, whereas dixenous species cycle between two hosts, of which primarily insect serves as a vector. To explore in-depth the diversity of insect trypanosomatids including their co-infections, sequence profiling of their 18S rRNA gene was used for true bugs (Hemiptera; 18% infection rate) and flies (Diptera; 10%) in Cuba. Out of 48 species (molecular operational taxonomic units) belonging to the genera Vickermania (16 spp.), Blastocrithidia (7), Obscuromonas (4), Phytomonas (5), Leptomonas/Crithidia (5), Herpetomonas (5), Wallacemonas (2), Kentomonas (1), Angomonas (1) and two unnamed genera (1 + 1), 38 species have been encountered for the first time. The detected Wallacemonas and Angomonas species constitute the most basal lineages of their respective genera, while Vickermania emerged as the most diverse group. The finding of Leptomonas seymouri, which is known to rarely infect humans, confirms that Dysdercus bugs are its natural hosts. A clear association of Phytomonas with the heteropteran family Pentatomidae hints at its narrow host association with the insect rather than plant hosts. With a focus on multiple infections of a single fly host, using deep Nanopore sequencing of 18S rRNA, we have identified co-infections with up to 8 trypanosomatid species. The fly midgut was usually occupied by several Vickermania species, while Herpetomonas and/or Kentomonas species prevailed in the hindgut. Metabarcoding was instrumental for analysing extensive co-infections and also allowed the identification of trypanosomatid lineages and genera.

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“…Broad-headed bugs frequently feed on the seeds of bush clover legumes (Lespedeza spp. ), although they have been reported to feed on additional food sources available in the natural mixed legume fields that they inhabit throughout North America (Schaefer 1980;Ventura et al 2000). Because Lespedeza spp.…”

Section: Isolation Of Bacteria and Bacterial Dna From Insects Soil An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Partner associations across sympatric broad‐headed bug species and their environmentally acquired bacterial symbionts

et al. 2014

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Many organisms have intimate associations with beneficial microbes acquired from the environment. These host-symbiont associations can be specific and stable, but they are prone to lower partner specificity and more partner-switching than vertically transmitted mutualisms. To investigate partner specificity in an environmentally acquired insect symbiosis, we used 16S rRNA gene and multilocus sequencing to survey the bacterial population in the bacteria-harbouring organ (crypts) of 49 individuals across four sympatric broad-headed bug species (Alydus calcaratus, A. conspersus, A. tomentosus and Megalotomus quinquespinosus). Similar to other insect-bacteria associations, Burkholderia spp. were the most common residents of the crypts in all four insect species (77.2% of recovered sequences). Burkholderia presence was associated with prolonged survival to adulthood in A. tomentosus, suggesting a beneficial role of these specialized associations. Burkholderia were also found in environmental reservoirs in the insects' habitat, which may facilitate acquisition by insects by increasing Burkholderia-insect encounters. Symbiont establishment could also be facilitated by resistance to insect defences; zone of inhibition assays demonstrated that Burkholderia and other bacteria isolated from crypts are resistant to insect defences that limit growth of Escherichia coli. Alternatively, the insects' defences may not efficiently kill a broad range of bacteria. Although the symbiosis is targeted to Burkholderia, the insects' crypts housed other bacteria, including non-Burkholderiaceae species. There is no significant effect of host insect species on Burkholderia distribution, suggesting a lack of strong partner specificity at finer scales. The presence of frequent partner-switching between sympatric insects and their symbionts likely prevents tight co-evolutionary dynamics.

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Phytophagous Neomegalotomus parvus (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Alydidae) feeding on carrion and feces

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Role of plant diversity on arthropod communities in a restored tallgrass prairie of the U.S. Midwest

Role of plant diversity on arthropod communities in a restored tallgrass prairie of the U.S. Midwest

Multiple and frequent trypanosomatid co-infections of insects: the Cuban case study

Partner associations across sympatric broad‐headed bug species and their environmentally acquired bacterial symbionts

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