Phytogeography of the trees of the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica

Cornejo, Xavier; Mori, Scott A.; Aguilar, Reinaldo; Stevens, Hannah; Douwes, Francine

doi:10.1007/s12228-011-9194-0

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…On the Osa Peninsula, species of Lecythidaceae and Sapotaceae are poorly represented in secondary forest (7.1% and 9.4% of the species have been found in secondary forest, respectively); species of Fabaceae are also sparsely represented (24.5%), while species of Malvaceae and Moraceae are relatively well‐represented in secondary (53.3% and 63.4%, respectively) (Cornejo et al . ). The eight host indicator species in OG forest were indicators for trees that were more abundant there: Lecythidaceae ( Eschweilera and Gustavia ), Fabaceae ( Tachigali ), Malvaceae ( Apeiba ), and Sapotaceae ( Pouteria ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

What shapes cerambycid beetle communities in a tropical forest mosaic? Assessing the effects of host tree identity, forest structure, and vertical stratification

Lin

Aguilar²,

Berkov

2017

Biotropica

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Due to anthropogenic activities, tropical rain forests face many challenges in sustaining biodiversity and maintaining global climates. This study explores how forest successional stage, tree composition, and stratum affect communities of saproxylic cerambycid beetles—concealed feeders that play important roles in forest nutrient cycling. Forty trees in five families (Fabaceae, Lecythidaceae, Malvaceae, Moraceae, and Sapotaceae) were sampled in a mosaic of old‐growth and secondary forest on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica. Bait branches yielded 3549 cerambycid individuals in 49 species. Species richness was almost identical in old‐growth and secondary forest, and both yielded specialists, but abundance was higher in old‐growth forest. Overall community structure was most strongly influenced by host plant species; within most plant families it was also impacted by forest successional status. Moraceae was the exception, presumably because the focal tree species was abundant in both old‐growth and secondary forest. Several host and old‐growth specialist species reached high densities within patches of old‐growth forest, but seldom colonized apparently suitable trees within secondary forest. This suggests that even small areas of old‐growth forest can act as refuges, but that secondary forest may act as a barrier to dispersal. The vulnerability of specialized saproxylic insects to land use change will be linked to the ability of their preferred hosts to disperse to and persist in successional habitats; rearing studies may provide the most accurate method to monitor community changes over time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

What shapes cerambycid beetle communities in a tropical forest mosaic? Assessing the effects of host tree identity, forest structure, and vertical stratification

Lin

Aguilar²,

Berkov

2017

Biotropica

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“…With the newly described species and our updated assessment of species delimitations and distributions, the number of Cremastosperma species native to Peru increases to 17, of which seven are endemic ( C.brachypodum , C.cenepense , C.dolichopodum , C.longicuspe , C.pendulum , C.peruvianum and C.yamayakatense ). Cremastospermaosicola , the only Cremastosperma found in Costa Rica and the most northerly distributed species of the genus, belongs to the 4.8% of the 454 tree species native to the Osa Peninsula that are found nowhere else (Cornejo et al 2012). The Osa Peninsula is an important refuge for species with distributions limited to Costa Rica and surrounding regions of Central America (Cornejo et al 2012), harbouring other Costa Rican endemic Annonaceae, including the recently described Desmopsisverrucipes Chatrou, G.E.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cremastospermaosicola , the only Cremastosperma found in Costa Rica and the most northerly distributed species of the genus, belongs to the 4.8% of the 454 tree species native to the Osa Peninsula that are found nowhere else (Cornejo et al 2012). The Osa Peninsula is an important refuge for species with distributions limited to Costa Rica and surrounding regions of Central America (Cornejo et al 2012), harbouring other Costa Rican endemic Annonaceae, including the recently described Desmopsisverrucipes Chatrou, G.E. Schatz & N. Zamora, Guatteriareinaldii Erkens & Maas, and G.rostrata Erkens & Maas (Erkens et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species

Pirie¹,

Chatrou²,

Maas³

2018

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We present a taxonomic revision of Cremastosperma, a genus of Neotropical Annonaceae occurring in lowland to premontane wet forest, mostly in areas surrounding the Andean mountain chain. We recognise 34 species, describing five as new here: from east of the Andes, C.brachypodum Pirie & Chatrou, sp. nov. and C.dolichopodum Pirie & Maas, sp. nov., endemic to Peru; C.confusum Pirie, sp. nov., from southern Peru and adjacent Bolivia and Brazil; and C.alticola Pirie & Chatrou, sp. nov., at higher elevations in northern Peru and Ecuador; and from west of the Andes, C.osicola Pirie & Chatrou, sp. nov. endemic to Costa Rica, the most northerly distributed species of the genus. We provide an identification key, document diagnostic characters and distributions and provide illustrations and extensive lists of specimens, also presenting the latter in the form of mapping data with embedded links to images available online. Of the 34 species, 22 are regional endemics. On the basis of the extent of occurrence and area of occupancy of species estimated from the distribution data, we designate IUCN threat categries for all species. Fourteen species proved to be endangered (EN) and a further one critically endangered (CR), reflecting their rarity and narrow known distributions.

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“…, Cornejo et al. ). The flora of the Osa Peninsula has a strong affinity with flora of northwestern South American and Central American species (Cornejo et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This overlap of flora, and associated fauna, along with the size of the remaining intact forest, make the Osa Peninsula an important refuge for the survival of many Central American plant and animal species (Cornejo et al. ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental controls on canopy foliar nitrogen distributions in a Neotropical lowland forest

Balzotti

Asner

Taylor

et al. 2016

Ecological Applications

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Distributions of foliar nutrients across forest canopies can give insight into their plant functional diversity and improve our understanding of biogeochemical cycling. We used airborne remote sensing and partial least squares regression to quantify canopy foliar nitrogen (foliar N) across ~164 km of wet lowland tropical forest in the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica. We determined the relative influence of climate and topography on the observed patterns of foliar N using a gradient boosting model technique. At a local scale, where climate and substrate were constant, we explored the influence of slope position on foliar N by quantifying foliar N on remnant terraces, their adjacent slopes, and knife-edged ridges. In addition, we climbed and sampled 540 trees and analyzed foliar N in order to quantify the role of species identity (phylogeny) and environmental factors in predicting foliar N. Observed foliar N heterogeneity reflected environmental factors working at multiple spatial scales. Across the larger landscape, elevation and precipitation had the highest relative influence on predicting foliar N (30% and 24%), followed by soils (15%), site exposure (9%), compound topographic index (8%), substrate (6%), and landscape dissection (6%). Phylogeny explained ~75% of the variation in the field collected foliar N data, suggesting that phylogeny largely underpins the response to the environmental factors. Taken together, these data suggest that a large fraction of the variance in foliar N across the landscape is proximately driven by species composition, though ultimately this is likely a response to abiotic factors such as climate and topography. Future work should focus on the mechanisms and feedbacks involved, and how shifts in climate may translate to changes in forest function.

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Phytogeography of the trees of the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica

Cited by 27 publications

References 21 publications

What shapes cerambycid beetle communities in a tropical forest mosaic? Assessing the effects of host tree identity, forest structure, and vertical stratification

What shapes cerambycid beetle communities in a tropical forest mosaic? Assessing the effects of host tree identity, forest structure, and vertical stratification

A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species

Environmental controls on canopy foliar nitrogen distributions in a Neotropical lowland forest

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