Phytogeographical data and modern pollen rain of the puna belt in southern Peru (Nevado Coropuna, Western Cordillera)

Kuentz, Adèle; Mera, Antonio Galán de; Ledru, Marie‐Pierre; Thouret, Jean‐Claude

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01728.x

Cited by 32 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…However, pollen within the Coropuna glaciers reveal different air masses fluxes. Herreros et al [59] drilled an ice core at 6080 m altitude, on the Coropuna northern slope, identifying pollen taxa that currently do not exist in that volcanic complex [60,61]: -Quercus and Podocarpus: from the Amazon basin, ~300 km northeastward. -Nothofagus: native of Patagonia, >3000 km toward the south.…”

Section: Climatic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospecting Glacial Ages and Paleoclimatic Reconstructions Northeastward of Nevado Coropuna (16° S, 73° W, 6377 m), Arid Tropical Andes

et al. 2018

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This work investigates the timing, paleoclimatic framework and inter-hemispheric teleconnections inferred from the glaciers last maximum extension and the deglaciation onset in the Arid Tropical Andes. A study area was selected to the northeastward of the Nevado Coropuna, the volcano currently covered by the largest tropical glacier on Earth. The current glacier extent, the moraines deposited in the past and paleoglaciers at their maximum extension have been mapped. The present and past Equilibrium Line Altitudes (ELA and paleoELA) have been reconstructed and the chlorine-36 ages have been calculated, for preliminary absolute dating of glacial and volcanic processes. The paleoELA depression, the thermometers installed in the study area and the accumulation data previously published allowed development of paleotemperature and paleoprecipitation models. The Coropuna glaciers were in maximum extension (or glacial standstill) 20-12 ka ago (and maybe earlier). This last maximum extension was contemporary to the Heinrich 2-1 and Younger Dryas events and the Tauca and Coipasa paleolake transgressions on Bolivian Altiplano. The maximum paleoELA depression (991 m) shows a colder (−6.4 • C) and moister climate with precipitation ×1.2-×2.8 higher than the present. The deglaciation onset in the Arid Tropical Andes was 15-11 ka ago, earlier in the most southern, arid, and low mountains and later in the northernmost, less arid, and higher mountains.

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Section: Climatic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospecting Glacial Ages and Paleoclimatic Reconstructions Northeastward of Nevado Coropuna (16° S, 73° W, 6377 m), Arid Tropical Andes

et al. 2018

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“…The local taxa are characterized by Asteraceae tubuliflorae, Polylepis and Poaceae. The alien taxa, which cannot grow on the slope of the Coropuna (Kuentz et al, 2007) are Quercus, Podocarpus and Nothofagus. Quercus is a tree of the Andean forest whose habitat limit does not go further south than southern Colombia, Podocarpus is a conifer of the Andean forest, common on the slopes of the eastern Cordillera, and Nothofagus is a tree from the Patagonian forest whose limit stops in the temperate latitudes of Chile.…”

Section: The Palynological Archivementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental records from temperate glacier ice on Nevado Coropuna saddle, southern Peru

et al. 2009

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Abstract. We investigated past climate variability and the zonal short and long-range transport of air masses in tropical South America using chemical, isotopic and palynological signals from a 42 m-long ice core recovered in 2003 from the saddle of the Nevado Coropuna, southern Peru (72 • 39 W; 15 • 32 S; 6080 m a.s.l.). We found that precipitation at this site depends mainly on the easterly circulation of air masses originated from the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Nevertheless, sporadic Pacific air masses arrivals, and strong cold waves coming from southern South America reach this altitude site. In spite of post-depositional effects, we were able to identify two strong ENSO (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) event signatures (1982-1983 and 1992) and the eruptive activity of the nearby Sabancaya volcano (1994).

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“…As the peatland site is situated in the lower Altoandean altitudinal belt (Ruthsatz, 1977), the overall pollen spectrum is clearly dominated by Poaceae, which make up 40-95 % of the regional pollen assemblage. The other main regional taxa are all typical components of the Altoandean and Puna belts (Reese and Liu, 2005;Kuentz et al, 2007). Apart from Senecio-type Asteraceae (5-40 %), only Ophryosporus-type Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Malvaceae and Alnus reach percentages > 3 %.…”

Section: Pollen Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

Holocene environmental changes in the highlands of the southern Peruvian Andes (14° S) and their impact on pre-Columbian cultures

et al. 2015

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Abstract. High-altitude peatlands of the Andes still remain relatively unexploited although they offer an excellent opportunity for well-dated palaeoenvironmental records.To improve knowledge about climatic and environmental changes in the western Andes of southern Peru, we present a high-resolution record of the Cerro Llamoca peatland for the last 8600 years. The 10.5 m long core consists of peat and intercalated sediment layers and was examined for all kinds of microfossils. We chose homogeneous peat sections for pollen analysis at decadal to centennial resolution. The inorganic geochemistry was analysed in 2 mm resolution (corresponding > 2 years) using an ITRAX X-ray fluorescence core scanner.We interpret phases of relatively high abundances of Poaceae pollen in our record as an expansion of Andean grasslands during humid phases. Drier conditions are indicated by a significant decrease of Poaceae pollen and higher abundances of Asteraceae pollen. The results are substantiated by changes in arsenic contents and manganese/iron ratios, which turned out to be applicable proxies for in situ palaeoredox conditions.The mid-Holocene period of 8.6-5.6 ka is characterised by a series of episodic dry spells alternating with spells that are more humid. After a pronounced dry period at 4.6-4.2 ka, conditions generally shifted towards a more humid climate. We stress a humid/relatively stable interval between 1.8 and 1.2 ka, which coincides with the florescence of the Nasca culture in the Andean foothills. An abrupt turn to a sustained dry period occurs at 1.2 ka, which is contemporaneous with the demise of the Nasca/Wari society in the Palpa lowlands. Markedly drier conditions prevail until 0.75 ka, providing evidence of the presence of a Medieval Climate Anomaly. Moister but hydrologically highly variable conditions prevailed again after 0.75 ka, which allowed re-expansion of tussock grasses in the highlands, increased discharge into the Andean foreland and resettling of the lowlands during this so-called late Intermediate Period (LIP).On a supraregional scale, our findings can ideally be linked to and proved by the archaeological chronology of the Nasca-Palpa region as well as other high-resolution marine and terrestrial palaeoenvironmental records. Our findings show that hydrological fluctuations, triggered by the changing intensity of the monsoonal tropical summer rains emerging from the Amazon Basin in the north-east, have controlled the climate in the study area.

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Phytogeographical data and modern pollen rain of the puna belt in southern Peru (Nevado Coropuna, Western Cordillera)

Abstract: International audienc

Cited by 32 publications

References 32 publications

Prospecting Glacial Ages and Paleoclimatic Reconstructions Northeastward of Nevado Coropuna (16° S, 73° W, 6377 m), Arid Tropical Andes

Prospecting Glacial Ages and Paleoclimatic Reconstructions Northeastward of Nevado Coropuna (16° S, 73° W, 6377 m), Arid Tropical Andes

Environmental records from temperate glacier ice on Nevado Coropuna saddle, southern Peru

Holocene environmental changes in the highlands of the southern Peruvian Andes (14° S) and their impact on pre-Columbian cultures

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